Chandler's Ford shooting
The Chandler's Ford shooting was an attempted robbery in the village of Chandler's Ford, near Southampton, in southern England, on 13 September 2007. Two men were shot dead by Metropolitan Police officers while attempting to rob a cash-in-transit van at gunpoint. The Metropolitan Police's Flying Squad had been tracking a gang of armed robbers from South London, who had committed a series of robberies of security vans delivering to banks in small towns and villages outside London, where they believed the police response would be slower. Prior to Chandler's Ford, the gang were estimated to have stolen £500,000 from 17 robberies. The Flying Squad received intelligence that the gang intended to target the HSBC branch in Chandler's Ford and, with assistance from specialist armed officers from CO19, planned to lie in wait and apprehend the suspects in the commission of the robbery.
Armed police officers arrived in the early hours of the morning of 13 September and concealed themselves in a public toilet close to the bank, supported by snipers in overlooking buildings. At 10:05, shortly after the arrival of the G4S van, Mark Nunes approached the guard and pointed a gun at him, demanding he hand over the cash box. One of the snipers opened fire, hitting Nunes in the chest. As officers were deploying from their hiding place, a second gang member, Andrew Markland, ran over and picked up Nunes's weapon; he was shot twice by a second police sniper. As the officers arrived, they attempted first aid but Markland died at the scene. Nunes was airlifted to hospital but died later that day.
The remaining gang members were arrested over the following days and charged with conspiracy to rob. At their trial, footage from a police surveillance post at Chandler's Ford was shown to the jury, including the attempted robbery and the moment Nunes and Markland were shot. The shooting was investigated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission, which concluded that the armed officers had acted properly, though found flaws in the planning of the operation. An inquest held in 2011 reached a verdict of lawful killing, after which the IPCC published its full report, recommending that a firearms commander independent of the investigation be appointed to lead future operations. The Metropolitan Police implemented the recommendation.
Prelude
In 2007, the Flying Squad of London's Metropolitan Police, a unit specialising in investigating armed robberies, was pursuing a criminal gang responsible for a series of bank robberies. The gang, led by Mark Nunes and Andrew Markland, consisted largely of career criminals from South London. Nunes had been released from prison in 2005, having served several years for previous robberies. In the 18 months prior to September 2007, the gang had targeted banks in small towns and villages in the home counties and some further afield, where they anticipated that the police response would be slower and more limited than in London. The gang were responsible for at least 18 robberies, some as far away as Bristol, from which they had stolen around £500,000.The Flying Squad received intelligence that the gang intended to rob a G4S cash-in-transit van as it delivered to the HSBC bank branch in Chandler's Ford, Hampshire. The gang had used a handgun in previous robberies and had fired at bank staff and members of the public and were believed to be in possession of armour-piercing ammunition, which they apparently intended to fire into the van if the crew did not comply with their demands. Thus, the Flying Squad opted to employ armed officers from CO19, the Metropolitan Police's specialist firearms unit. The police planned to have armed officers lie in wait for the gang in a concealed location close to the bank, in order to arrest the gang members in the act, along with snipers providing cover from nearby buildings. The local police force, Hampshire Constabulary, agreed to allow the Metropolitan Police to control the operation, codenamed Operation Hurlock.
Robbery
In the early hours of 13 September 2007, Flying Squad and CO19 officers attended a briefing at Leman Street police station in East London before travelling to Chandler's Ford, arriving at around 04:00. Armed officers took up position in a block of public toilets about from the bank, supported by snipers in vantage points overlooking the bank. The officers concealed in the toilet block were kept informed of events through radio communication with the snipers. At around 06:00, the team received word that several gang members were travelling towards Chandler's Ford in a stolen vehicle.At around 09:15, police officers observed Markland at a bus stop close to the bank. Other gang members were spotted in the village shortly afterwards, some repeatedly driving past the bank in a stolen vehicle. Shortly before 10:00, Nunes arrived in a second stolen vehicle and parked in a space opposite the bank. A few minutes later, the G4S van arrived and the guard on board began carrying cash boxes into the bank. At 10:05, Nunes approached the guard, pointing a handgun at his chest, causing him to freeze. One of the police snipers opened fire. Nunes, hit in the chest, collapsed at the guard's feet. By this time, the armed officers hiding in the toilet block were running towards the bank. Meanwhile, Markland ran across to Nunes and picked up the gun. As he stood back up with the weapon, he was shot by the second police sniper. Hit in the chest, Markland collapsed; he was seen moving on the ground and the sniper fired again.
Police officers attempted to administer first aid as they reached the van but Markland died at the scene. Nunes was taken to Southampton General Hospital by the Hampshire & Isle of Wight Air Ambulance but died later the same day. The security guard suffered a minor injury to his hand, having been grazed by a bullet. The remaining gang members fled the area in one of the stolen vehicles.
Aftermath
Over the following days, the Metropolitan Police conducted armed raids at multiple addresses across London and arrested seven other gang members. They were charged with conspiracy to rob and various other offences in connection with Chandler's Ford and seventeen other robberies. They were convicted in August 2008 received prison sentences ranging from five to seventeen years. During the trial, the jury was shown a video of the Chandler's Ford robbery taken by police officers from one of the snipers' posts, including the moments Nunes and Markland were shot. Stills from the footage were later released to the media. On the video, a man in a balaclava can be seen approaching the guard with a handgun raised and a police officer can be heard saying into a radio: "Robbery, robbery. Strike, strike, strike! He has a gun to his head", almost immediately followed by a gunshot.As with all shootings by police officers, an independent investigation was launched by the Independent Police Complaints Commission. The IPCC released its preliminary report in October 2008. It found that, "although there are issues around the implementation of the operation", the police marksmen had not committed any misconduct, and had acted properly, in line with national guidelines for the conduct of armed officers. An inquest was held in Winchester in 2011, at which the jury was shown the police surveillance footage of the robbery and shooting. After hearing evidence from the police officers involved, the IPCC, and eyewitnesses, the coroner directed the jury that they could only return an open verdict or one of lawful killing. The jury decided on lawful killing, though the coroner noted that there were several opportunities for the police to arrest Nunes and Markland safely but these were not taken as the police felt they had insufficient evidence to secure a conviction. The families of the deceased expressed disappointment that the coroner had not allowed the jury to record a narrative verdict, which they felt would have better enabled the jury to "identify any failures in the police operation that they considered caused or more than minimally contributed to the men's deaths". The Metropolitan Police issued a statement saying "These circumstances illustrate clearly the immensely difficult and split-second decisions that officers have to make when protecting the public from the actions of armed criminals" and promised to review the findings of the inquest and the IPCC.
Following the inquest, the IPCC released its full report, which contained several recommendations. Among them was that a separate firearms commander—independent of the investigation—be appointed for similar operations in the future to better balance public safety against the need to gather evidence. In a statement, the IPCC said "We will never know if there would have been a different outcome had the Metropolitan Police separated the role". The Metropolitan Police implemented the recommendation before the report was published.
According to Peter Squires and Peter Kennison, British criminologists with a focus on armed policing, the public reaction to the shooting was generally positive. The academics observed that, unlike in other incidents they studied, the police appeared to have shot the "right" men, in so far as the only people killed were armed criminals in the commission of a robbery. Nonetheless, they pointed out that the operation could only be seen as a "qualified success", given that its stated objectives included the apprehension of the suspects, and observed that the security guard could easily have sustained much more serious injuries. They believed that the shooting and the lengthy prison sentences for the other gang members sent a "clear message" about police handling of armed crime, even if the shooting raised questions about the planning of the operation.