Chott el Djerid also spelled Sciott Gerid and Shott el Jerid, is a large endorheicsalt lake in southern Tunisia. The name can be translated from the Arabic into English as "Lagoon of the Land of Palms".
Geography
The bottom of Chott el Djerid is located between 10 and 25 meters below sea level. The lake's width varies widely; at its narrowest point, it is only across, compared to its overall length of. At times, parts of it appear in various shades of white, green and purple. The narrow eastward inlet of the chott is also known as Chott el Fejej. It is the largest salt pan of the Sahara Desert, with a surface area of over 7,000 km2. The site has a typical hot desert climate. Due to the harsh climate with mean annual rainfall of below 100 mm and daytime temperatures sometimes reaching 50 °C or more during summer with dense solar radiation, water evaporates from the lake. In summer Chott el Djerid is almost entirely dried up, and numerous fata morganas occur. Situated at 33 ° 42'N 8 ° 26'E in the center-west of the country, between the cities of Tozeur and Kebili. During winter, a small tributary of water can be seen discharging into the lake. Because the flooded area is very variable, values presented for the area of the lake, can vary widely. Some sources provide values as high as 10,000 km². Similarly, figures given for altitude vary between 10 meters above and 25 meters below sea level. Currently, freshwater irrigation schemes are being applied in the region to help eliminate salt from soils and increase the productive area.
Surrounding area
South of Chott el Djerid, the Grand Erg Oriental desert begins. The towns of Kebili and Douz are also located south of the lake.
Access
The lake can be crossed by foot and even by car, but this is very dangerous since the salt crust is not always firm. During winter, when the lake is full, it can be crossed by boat. Piles of salt at its edges are collected for salt production processing.
Chott el Djerid is the namesake of the Jerid Lacuna an Endorheic hydrocarbon lake on the Saturnian moon Titan. That lake is located 66.7°N and 221°W on Titan's globe and involves liquid methane and ethane, instead of water.
Chott el Djerid was used as a filming location for the Star Wars series, among others. It was also described in Jules Verne's last novel, Invasion of the Sea. According to legend, it was there that the Greek goddessAthena was born. The lake is the setting of Frank Heller's book The Thousand and Second Night, An Arabesque. The Chotts are also discussed in Fountains in the Sand, by Norman Douglas. His account is both scientific and historic.
