Chungcheong Province


Chungcheong was one of the eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. Chungcheong was located in the southwest of Korea. The provincial capital was located at Gongju, which had been the capital of the kingdom of Baekje from 475 to 538.

History

Chungcheong Province was formed in 1356—during the Goryeo Dynasty—from the southern portion of the former province of Yanggwang. Its name derived from the names of the principal cities of Chungju and Cheongju.
In 1895, the province was replaced by the Districts of Chungju in the east, Gongju in the centre, and Hongju in the west.
In 1896, Chungju and eastern Gongju Districts were reorganized into North Chungcheong Province, and Hongju and western Gongju Districts were reorganized into South Chungcheong Province. North and South Chungcheong are today part of South Korea.

Geography

Historic Chungcheong was bordered on the north by Gyeonggi Province, on the north east by Gangwon, the east by Gyeongsang Provinces, on the south by North Jeolla Province, and on the west by the Yellow Sea. The region is mountainous in the east and somewhat lower and flatter in the west.
The regional name for Chungcheong is Hoseo, although this name is used less than the current administrative name.
Apart from Cheongju, Chungju, and Gongju, other large or notable cities in the modern-day Chungcheong region include Daejeon, Cheonan and Janghang.

Transportation and communication

Historically, almost all transportation and communication routes between Seoul and the southern Honam and Yeongnam regions have gone through the Chungcheong region, and today Daejeon—the region's largest city—is a major railway and freeway junction.