Church of the Holy Virgin (Baku)
Church of the Holy Virgin or Holy Mother of God Church was an Armenian Apostolic church in the Old City of Baku, Azerbaijan, built in the 18th century and demolished in 1992. It was on the southern side of the Maiden Tower at the turn of Neftchilar Avenue between the caravanserai, Barbara Street and Great Minaret Street.
Since there were not many Armenians in the Old City compared to the rest of Baku, the church did not have a large parish. Therefore and because it has been erased from public memory in Baku, little information has remained about it, and some statements about it are contradictory. According to Leonid Bretanitsky, the church was built near an Armenian caravansary beneath the Maiden Tower. Benjamin Arustamyan states that perhaps already Hamdallah Mustawfi Qazwini mentioned an Armenian church and that the Armenian church of Holy Mother of God was built in 1799 at the foot of the Maiden Tower inside Baku fortress, and demolished in the 1930s. However, the church stood until the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, as can also be seen on several photographs. It was the Armenian Saint Thaddeus and Bartholomew Cathedral in Baku that was really destroyed under Joseph Stalin.
At the end of the 19th century, the Armenian priest Markar Barkhudaryants noted that the Armenians of Baku had two stone churches: a large one named after Saint Gregory the Illuminator and a smaller one named Surb Astvatsatsin. He characterized Surb Astvatsatsin as very old, as evidenced by the internal and external forms of architectural construction.
Thomas de Waal mentions that according to the diplomat who worked in Baku in 1992, at the height of the Karabakh conflict, the church was destroyed, and now instead there is an empty space at its former site near the Maiden Tower.
