The Scottish Parliament has a number of committees, with small numbers of Members appointed to scrutinise the work of the Scottish Government. Much of the work of the Scottish Parliament is done in committee. The role of committees is stronger in the Scottish Parliament than in other parliamentary systems, partly as a means of strengthening the role of backbenchers in their scrutiny of the Government and partly to compensate for the fact that the parliament is unicameral. The principal role of committees in the Scottish Parliament is to conduct inquiries, scrutinise legislation and hold the government to account. Committee meetings take place in the Parliament's committee rooms all day Tuesday and Wednesday morning when Parliament is sitting. Committees can also meet at other locations throughout Scotland. Membership of the committees reflects the balance of parties across Parliament. There are different types of committee, with their functions set out in different ways. The membership of the committees as of 2011 is shown below. All committees also have substitute members.
Mandatory Committees
Mandatory Committees are committees which are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders, which govern their remits and proceedings. The current Mandatory Committees of the Scottish Parliament are:
any other document laid before the Parliament concerning financial control, accounting and auditing in relation to public expenditure
post-legislative scrutiny
Public Petitions
The remit of is to decide what action should be taken on admissible public petitions. The committee is also responsible for deciding, in cases of dispute, whether a public petition is admissible. On 16 June 2009 the Committee reported on its 'Inquiry into the public petitions process' issued to reflect 10 years of operation, which included an evaluation of the pioneering e-Petitioneronline petitioning system.
Standards, Procedures and Public Appointments
Subject Committees
Subject Committees are established at the beginning of each parliamentary session, and again the balance of members on each committee reflects the balance of parties across Parliament. Typically each committee corresponds with one of the departments of the Scottish Government. The current Subject Committees are:
The Conveners' Group is a special committee of the Scottish Parliament chaired by either the Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament or one of the Deputy Presiding Officers. Its main responsibilities are involved in the administration of Committee expenses and certain other activities.
A further type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government. Private bills normally relate to large-scale development projects such as infrastructure projects that require the use of land or property. Private Bill Committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network, the Glasgow Airport Rail Link, the Airdrie-Bathgate Rail Link and extensions to the National Gallery of Scotland. Burrell Collection Bill Committee
