Copyright law of Chile


The copyright law of Chile is governed by Law No. 17,336, on Intellectual Property of October 2 of 1970 and subsequent amendments. It was implemented in the Decree No. 1122 of the Ministry of Education of Chile on May 17 of 1971.
This law aims to protect the economic and moral rights of Chilean authors and foreigners residing in Chile, granted by the mere fact of creating works that are literary, artistic and scientific.
It states that foreign authors who aren't domiciled in the country enjoy the protection that is recognized by the international conventions that Chile has signed and ratified.

History

The Constitution of Chile of 1833 stipulated in Article 152 that "Every author or inventor shall have exclusive ownership of his discovery or production.." resulting in the act Literary and Artistic Property of July 24 of 1834 being passed.
It was replaced by Decree Law No. 345, Intellectual Property, of May 5 of 1925.
In turn, the 1950 Act 9.549 extended the copyright duration after the death of the author to fifty years.
In 1970, Chile signed and ratified the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works which states, among other principles, that the protection of the works should not be conditional upon compliance with any formality requirements.
Before it was due to issue a new law compatible with the international treaty, the Chilean government enacted Law No. 17,336, on Intellectual Property of October 2 of 1970 which, repealed the previous legislation on the subject.

Types of works

Although the law provides a list of protected works, it is not exhaustive.
The types of rights under Chilean law is divided in two:
The protection of copyright in Chile is for the life of the author and 70 years after his death.
Originally, the Law No. 17,336 established an extension of 30 years, which was amended in 1992, increasing that period to 50 years after the death of the author. In turn, this duration was increased again in 2003 by Law No. 19,914, to 70 years.
Article 10 of Law 17,336 provides that if there is a spouse or unmarried daughters or widows whose spouse or affected by an inability to perform any kind of work, this period will extend until the date of death last of the survivors.

Public domain

Law No. 17,336, recognizes the existence of public domain.
These works of the common cultural heritage can be used by anyone, provided they mention the authorship of the work and respect the integrity of the work.
Included in this type of work common cultural heritage of the following:
There are exceptions where the law authorised certain uses of works protected by intellectual property law, without going through the permission of the copyright owner, thereby balancing between protecting the interests of authors and the public interest.
Among the exceptions that the Chilean law are:
; Quotations
Is the inclusion of a fragment of a person in your own work, respecting the authorship of the original author and source. In Chile quotations is limited to literary works, and is limited to ten lines of text.
;Communication and Public Execution
Allows the public communication of works in educational, charitable or similar settings, or at home, if this communication is non-profit.

Publication of conferences and public speeches

These works can be published for information purposes only.

Lessons notes

Playable lessons such as teaching notes, sounds or videos, but its publication requires permission from the copyright holder of the lessons.

Reproduction of print and audiovisual buildings and publication of photographs

Playing works and monuments located in public places

Backup software

Communication and enforcement establishments selling instruments and electronic equipment

Ephemeral fixations made by radio and television organizations

2010 law

In May 2007, President Michelle Bachelet sent Congress a proposed amendment to this law, pretending to make procedures more effective prosecution of crimes, increase penalties for violations of fronts to establish a system of limiting liability for Internet service providers, incorporate exceptions and limitations that are favorable to libraries, educational establishments and the general public, and regulate the establishment of tariffs by the collecting societies.
The project was very controversial due to the opposition of interests, including the Sociedad Chilena del Derecho de Autor, the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, the Chilean Book Chamber on the one hand, and on the other hand are the academic institutions, College of Librarians of Chile, Library Council of Rectors of Universities, NGO Digital Rights, among many others.
The Ministry of Culture, in turn, led the process in Congress, in which signed a controversial confidentiality agreement with the collecting society who agreed to accept a series of demands of copyright holders including the elimination of a number of exceptions for educational use, libraries and primarily uses the exception of the proposal fair. One of the most controversial provisions has been the establishment of an exemption permitting certain uses of protected works without permission, equivalent to the American fair use.
After all the discussion, on 13 January 2010, this flagship project of the administration of Paulina Urrutia was approved unanimously by the National Congress of Chile, entered into force on 4 May 2010, as No. 20.435.