The Douay–Rheims Bible translates: The phrase occurs in one of Paul's ecstasies, the loosening of the soul from the body being a prerequisite to joining Christ. A traditional use is found, for instance, in The Seven Modes of Sacred Love, by Brabantian mystic Beatrice of Nazareth : a complete release of the soul into eternal love. A similar use is found in a twelfth-century Old English homily on St. James from Trinity College, Cambridge, MS.B.14.52: "Hateful to me is this earthly life, and I long for Christ". For medieval theologians, the concept was unproblematic; Rabanus Maurus clarifies that this desire is an example of an acceptable cupiditas or greed. Not until the eleventh century is a note of warning struck, by Peter Lombard : it does not mean that one should only tolerate earthly life instead of loving it, suggesting that the locution had been read to mean that hastening one's end is preferable over living out one's life, a misreading offered in Hildebert's Querimonia. Michel de Montaigne and contemporary theologians read the phrase also as "giv the lie to those who say that the desire to die means sinful despair"; cupio dissolvi is a frequently cited locution in the ongoing discussion on suicide, which often took the semi-Platonic character of the reputed suicide Cleombrotus of Ambracia as a case study.
Among English authors
The locution is cited in important texts from all stages of the English language. In the Old English homily of Trinity MS.B.14.52, it occurs in Latin surrounded by Old English prose. In Middle English, it occurs for instance in the Lambeth Homilies, translated as "ich walde thet ich ded were, for me longeth to criste." It was frequently quoted by Thomas More especially as he got older, and by John Donne in many of his sermons.
Wider meaning
In Donne, the use of this phrase is taken as indicative of the strength of his "desire to believe himself among God's elect", while, for the exegesis influenced by Freud, of his being "possessed not only by the 'death wish' but also by a lifetime's struggle against it that this consideration should powerfully, even finally, determine our sense of the overall direction and significance of his work." The Latin biblical locution occurs in alchemist Heinrich Khunrath's Von hylealischen Chaos, 1597, p. 204. Carl Jung, founder of the analytical psychology, quoted him to describe the process of dream interpretation and individuation: "Soul and spirit must be separated from the body, and this is equivalent to death: 'Therefore Paul of Tarsus saith, Cupio dissolvi, et esse cum Christo'." The cultural theoristDominic Pettman explained the twentieth century and the postmoderncontemporary society, swung violently between the poles of anticipation and anticlimax, citing a statement expressed by Mario Praz in 1930:
