DIOP DIOP is an organophosphorus compound that is used as a chiral ligand in asymmetric catalysis . It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents . DIOP is prepared from the acetonide of d,l -tartaric acid, which is reduced prior to attachment of the PPh2 substituents.Use The DIOP ligand binds to metals via conformationally flexible seven-membered C4 P2 M chelate ring . DIOP is a historically important in the development of ligands for use in asymmetric catalysis , an atom-economical method for the preparation of chiral compounds . Described in 1971, it was the first example of a C2 -symmetric diphosphine. Its complexes have been applied to the reduction of prochiral olefins, ketones, and imines . Knowles et al . independently reported the related C2 -symmetric diphosphine DIPAMP . Since the discovery of DIOP, many analogues of DIOP have been introduced. These DIOP derivatives include MOD-DIOP, Cy-DIOP, DIPAMP, and DBP-DIOP. Out of many derivatives, DBP-DIOP exhibits good regio- and enantioselectivity in the hydroformylation of butenes and styrene . DIOP was the first chiral ligand used in the platinum-tin-catalyzed hydroformylation. The reactivity, chemo – and the enantioselectivity of DIOP is influenced by CO and H2 pressure and polarity of the solvents . The best results in asymmetric hydroformylation are achieved in solvents with medium polarity: benzene and toluene .
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