D Line (Los Angeles Metro)
The D Line is a heavy rail subway line operating in Los Angeles, running between Downtown Los Angeles and the Koreatown district. It is one of six lines on the Metro Rail System, operated by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
The Metro D Line is one of the city's two fully-underground subway lines. Although they separate in Koreatown, the two subway lines share tracks through Downtown Los Angeles., the combined B and D lines averaged 133,413 boardings per weekday.
Construction is underway for a major extension of the line to Mid-Wilshire, Beverly Hills, Century City, and Westwood, which will add 7 stations and 9 miles of track to the line. The extension is expected to open in phases from 2023 to 2027.
The D Line was originally branded as the Wilshire branch of the Red Line. In 2006, the Purple Line was instituted as its own line, separate from the Red Line. In 2020, the Purple Line was renamed to the D Line while retaining the color purple in its circle icon.
Service description
Route
The Metro D Line is a line that begins at Union Station. At Union Station, passengers can connect to the Metro J Line bus rapid transit line, the Metro L Line, and long-distance Amtrak and Metrolink trains. The D Line travels southwest through Downtown Los Angeles, passing through the Civic Center, Pershing Square and the Fashion District. Passengers can connect to the Metro J Line at Civic Center Station. At Pershing Square Station, passengers can transfer to the northbound Metro J Line bus at Olive Street/5th Street. At Station, travelers can connect to the Metro A Line, Metro E Line and the Metro J Line. From here, the train travels between 7th Street and Wilshire Boulevard west through Pico-Union and Westlake, arriving at in the city's Mid-Wilshire/Koreatown district. Up to this point, track is shared with the Metro B Line: at Wilshire/Vermont, the two lines diverge. The D Line continues west for one additional mile through Koreatown, and terminates at.Duplicate service on Wilshire
The D Line runs below Wilshire Boulevard which is served on the surface by the Metro Local route 20 and Metro Rapid route 720 bus lines. Despite the duplicate service, Metro considers the redundant bus service justified because both bus routes run frequently from Downtown Los Angeles. Unlike the D Line, these bus routes run along the entire Wilshire corridor, west to Beverly Hills, Westwood and Santa Monica.Hours of operation
Trains run between approximately 4:45 a.m. and 11:30 p.m. daily, with late night weekend service running until approximately 2:00 a.m.First and last train times are as follows:
To/From Wilshire/Western
During the evenings, D Line trains sometimes run as shuttles. Passengers must transfer to a B Line train at Wilshire/Vermont to continue on to Downtown Los Angeles or Hollywood.
Headways
Trains on the D Line operate every ten minutes during peak hours Monday through Friday. They operate every twelve minutes during the daytime weekdays and all day on the weekends after approximately 10 a.m.. Night service can range between 20–30 minutes.Ridership
The D Line is utilized mostly as a downtown shuttle on its shared segment with the B Line. The stub between Vermont and Western has a very low ridership. According to Metro Service Coordinator Conan Cheung, the stub is operating 11% full during peak hours, and even lower at other times.History
The current D Line is the product of a long-term plan to connect Downtown Los Angeles to central and western portions of the city with a heavy rail subway system. Originally planned in the 1980s to travel west down Wilshire Boulevard to Fairfax Avenue and then north to the San Fernando Valley, a methane explosion at a Ross Dress for Less clothing store near Fairfax in 1985, just as construction got underway, led to a legal prohibition on tunnelling in a large part of Mid-Wilshire. Instead, after some political wrangling, a new route was chosen up Vermont Avenue to Hollywood Boulevard. However, a short one-mile branch down Wilshire from Vermont to Western was allowed to remain in the system.The service currently designated as the D Line opened in two minimum operating segments:
- MOS-1, which consisted of the original five stations from to, opened on January 30, 1993.
- MOS-2A, including three new stations between and, opened in 1996.
Future expansion
Extension to Westwood
Metro is constructing a major extension of the D line to Mid-Wilshire, Beverly Hills, Century City, and Westwood. The new project is called the Purple Line Extension, and the first phase broke ground on November 7, 2014. Metro released the Final Environmental Impact Report on March 19, 2012, and the first phase of the project was approved by Metro's Board of Directors on April 26, 2012. Notice to proceed was issued to Tutor Perini on April 26, 2017 for phase two from Wilshire/La Cienega Station to Century City/Constellation Station. Construction is now underway for all three phases of the extension, which is expected to open in segments between 2023 and 2027.In Beverly Hills, there was public opposition to the Purple Line Extension project, led by school board president Lisa Korbatov. The opposition existed because of the subway tunnel's route beneath Beverly Hills High School, and Korbatov, along with Beverly Hills residents, were concerned about student safety issues posed by such a tunnel. Korbatov gathered over 5,300 signed petitions to send to President Donald Trump, urging him and Transportation Secretary Elaine Chao to withhold federal funding from the project. Metro ultimately won in court, but Korbatov the school district sued in both state and federal court over environmental concerns for the project.
Proposed Arts District Extension
Metro officials have proposed extending service on the eastern side of the D Line, allowing subway cars to continue past Union Station to service the Arts District neighborhood east of Downtown Los Angeles. D Line trains already pass through Union Station, exit through a portal at Ducommun Street and stop in the Arts District when they are going to and from the Division 20 yard for maintenance and storage. Proposals have included either station at 6th Street or two stations, one at 6th Street and one at 1st Street. In 2018, the Metro board approved a $500,000 expense to undertake pre-design activities, prepare an Environmental Impact Report and conduct public engagement for a potential station at 6th Street. However, it is unclear whether Metro can raise the millions of dollars of funding needed to build the proposed station. One possible solution is a new tax district implemented by the City of Los Angeles that would tax a portion of property value increases in the downtown area and transfer those funds to Metro to help build the station.Station listing
The following table lists the stations of the D Line, from east to west:| Station | Date Opened | City/ Neighborhood | Major connections and notes |
| Union Station | January 30, 1993 | Downtown Los Angeles | Connects with ,,, Amtrak, LAX FlyAway and Metrolink |
| Civic Center/Grand Park | January 30, 1993 | Downtown Los Angeles | Connects with and |
| Pershing Square | January 30, 1993 | Downtown Los Angeles | Connects with and |
| 7th Street/Metro Center | January 30, 1993 | Downtown Los Angeles | Connects with ,, and |
| Westlake/MacArthur Park | January 30, 1993 | Westlake | Connects with Park and ride: 6 stalls |
| Wilshire/Vermont | July 13, 1996 | Mid-Wilshire/Koreatown | Connects with |
| Wilshire/Normandie | July 13, 1996 | Mid-Wilshire/Koreatown | |
| Wilshire/Western | July 13, 1996 | Mid-Wilshire/Koreatown | |
| Wilshire/La Brea | 2023 | Miracle Mile | |
| Wilshire/Fairfax | 2023 | Beverly Grove | |
| Wilshire/La Cienega station | 2023 | Beverly Hills | |
| Wilshire/Rodeo | 2025 | Beverly Hills | |
| Century City/Constellation | 2025 | Westwood | |
| Westwood/UCLA | 2027 | Westwood | |
| Westwood/VA Hospital | 2027 | Westwood |
Operations
Maintenance
The D Line is operated out of the Division 20 Yard located in the Arts District at 320 South Santa Fe Avenue, Los Angeles. This yard stores the train cars and equipment used on the B and D Lines. It is also where heavy maintenance is done on the fleet. Subway trains get to this yard by continuing eastward after ending their revenue service at Union Station and exiting tunnels through a portal at Ducommun Street, after which they travel south to the yard's entrance at 1st Street.Rolling stock
The D Line uses Breda A650 electric multiple unit cars built by Breda in Italy; these trains are based on similar vehicles that were built by the Budd Company for the Baltimore and Miami rapid transit systems between 1983 and 1986. Trains usually run in four-car consists during peak hours and two-car consists outside of peak hours. The acceleration for cars #531 and up is similar to that of cars used by the Washington Metro because they both use General Electric traction motors. The cars are maintained in a Metro yard on Santa Fe Drive near 4th Street alongside the Los Angeles River in Downtown Los Angeles.In March 2017, Metro ordered new CRRC MA HR4000 railcars, some of which will operate on the D Line once the Purple Line Extension is completed.