Dalej jest noc


Dalej jest noc: losy Żydów w wybranych powiatach okupowanej Polski, co-edited by Jan Grabowski and Barbara Engelking, is a two-volume study published in 2018 by the Polish Center for Holocaust Research in Warsaw, Poland. The 1,600-page study contains nine chapters, each covering a county in occupied Poland in 1939–1945—Bielsk Podlaski, Biłgoraj, Bochnia, Dębica, Luków, Miechów, Nowy Targ, Węgrów, and Złoczów—in the General Government area established by Germany in World War II. The study identifies small Polish towns as "death traps" for Jews in hiding. An abridged English-language version of the study is forthcoming.

Reception

Several scholars, mainly associated with Poland's Institute of National Remembrance, have criticized Dalej jest noc for using unreliable sources, for ignoring the context of Germany's draconian occupation policies and practices, for some authors' alleged personal interests, for selective treatment of witness statements, and for presenting rumors and gossip as actual proven facts.
Historian Jacek Borkowicz writes in the Polish newspaper Rzeczpospolita that, using data from the book, he concludes that the actual number of Jewish victims of Poles was much lower, at most 40,000, while around 50,000 and possibly as many as 100,000 Jews were saved by Poles. Tomasz Domański writes in Rzeczpospolita that the authors speak of a "Polish-German administration", whereas there was no Polish administration in German-occupied territories, and that the authors' use of materials is tendentiously selective. He also criticizes the misleading use of the expression "Polish Police" and the lack of a common definition of "county".
Historian Piotr Gontarczyk charges the book with "scholarly mystification". As an example of gross inaccuracy, Gontarczyk gives the book's description of events in the Bochnia Ghetto in German-occupied Poland. Gontarczyk writes that the book "makes the Jewish Ghetto Police disappear, replacing it with Polish police." The Bochnia Ghetto, he says, witnessed "scenes out of Dante, with the participation of the Jewish Ghetto Police ; there were no Polish police , but the book... says the bunkers were searched by Polish police." One of the book's authors, Dagmara Swałtek-Niewińska has replied that Gontarczyk is incorrect, and that the book discusses the Jewish Ghetto Police in numerous places, and she in turn charges Gontarczyk with not having read the book thoroughly and with drawing incorrect conclusions from a cursory reading.
Historian writes that the study is based on solid analysis of sources. He notes the naming of perpetrators and co-perpetrators – individuals who took over Jewish property – and participation by the Polish Blue Police, Baudienst, fire brigades, and military guards. He writes that the study is important in deconstructing some political myths and propaganda in Polish history writing, journalism, church pronouncements, and politics. He concludes that the two volumes are "solid and reliable scholarship".
Karolina Koprowska, writes that the book focuses on micro-history studies and case-study analysis. She calls it a unique book with both a clear scholarly goal and a political message, taking a clear stance in the ongoing discussion in Poland about Polish-Jewish historical relations. She writes that the book is valuable for its solid methodology, rare and personal focus on micro-history, and demonstration of how significant were varying local characteristics, which resulted in widely different and not fully generalizable circumstances that Jews faced in different parts of occupied Poland. She does note that the book may, however, lack an overarching methodological conclusion and does not attempt a new grand theory of Polish-Jewish wartime history.
Beth Holmgren writes that Dalej jest noc is a "highly detailed, systematically organized, data-based analysis of how and by whom the Holocaust was perpetrated in nine separate Polish counties".
Tomasz Roguski's review of the book focuses particularly on the chapter by Jan Grabowski. Roguski writes that the book deals with an interesting topic that needs further research. He commends the authors for pioneering work but criticizes some of its methodology, its use of some primary sources to the neglect of others, its too narrow focus, and its statistical conclusions.

Litigation against editors

Dalej jest noc accuses Edward Malinowski, sołtys of the Polish village of Malinowo, of having been responsible for the deaths of dozens of Jews who, during World War II, were in hiding from the Germans. His 94-year-old relative Filomena Leszczyńska is suing Professors Engelking and Grabowski, the book's editors, in Warsaw court for defaming Malinowski, asserting that, on the contrary, he had assisted Jews, at the risk of his own life and the lives of his family.