Damara orogeny
The Damara orogeny was part of the Pan-African orogeny. The Damara orogeny occurred late in the creation of Gondwana, at the intersection of the Congo and the Kalahari cratons.
The Damara orogeny involved the suturing of the Congo–São Francisco and Río de la Plata cratons at 580–550 Ma before the amalgamation of the Kalahari and Mawson cratons in the Kuunga–Damara orogeny at 530 Ma.
The Adamastor Ocean closed southwards from the Araçuaı́ Belt to the Kaoko Belt 580–550 Ma and 545–530 Ma Gariep Belt. The Damara orogeny saw a peak in deformation and metamorphism at 530–500 Ma. Thrusting occurred onto the Kalahari Craton until 480 Ma.
Río de la Plata docked to Congo before the closure of the Damara Belt oceans which made the Damara orogeny part of the Kuunga orogeny which stretched from Antarctica to India across Africa. All African cratons had been assembled by 550 Ma and the last stages of the Damara–Kuunga Orogeny were intra-cratonic.
The Damara orogeny created the Naukluft Mountains in central Namibia between 550 Ma and 495 Ma.
