Demographics of Malawi
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Malawi, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Malawi derives its name from the Maravi, a Bantu people who came from the southern Congo about 600 years ago. On reaching the area north of Lake Malawi, the Maravi divided. One branch, the ancestors of the present-day Chewas, moved south to the west bank of the lake. The other, the ancestors of the Nyanjas, moved down the east bank to the southern part of the country.
By AD 1500, the two divisions of the tribe had established a kingdom stretching from north of the present-day city of Nkhotakota to the Zambezi River in the south, and from Lake Malawi in the east, to the Luangwa River in Zambia in the west.
Migrations and tribal conflicts precluded the formation of a cohesive Malawian society until the turn of the 20th century. In more recent years, ethnic and tribal distinctions have diminished. Regional distinctions and rivalries, however, persist. Despite some clear differences, no significant friction currently exists between tribal groups, and the concept of a Malawian nationality has begun to take hold. Predominantly a rural people, Malawians are generally conservative and traditionally nonviolent.
The Chewas constitute 90% of the population of the central region; the Nyanja tribe predominates in the south and the Tumbuka in the north. In addition, significant numbers of the Tongas live in the north; Ngonis—an offshoot of the Zulus who came from South Africa in the early 19th century—live in the lower northern and lower central regions; and the Yao, who are mostly Muslim, predominate in the Southern Region of the country and live in a wide band from Blantyre and Zomba north to Lake Malawi and east to the border with Mozambique. Bantus of other tribes came from Mozambique as refugees.
Population
According to the total population was in, compared to only 2 881 000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 45.8%, 51.1% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.1% was 65 years or older.Total population | Population aged 0–14 | Population aged 15–64 | Population aged 65+ | |
1950 | 2 881 | 45.7 | 51.2 | 3.1 |
1955 | 3 166 | 45.7 | 51.5 | 2.8 |
1960 | 3 525 | 45.9 | 51.6 | 2.6 |
1965 | 3 975 | 45.3 | 52.3 | 2.4 |
1970 | 4 531 | 46.3 | 51.4 | 2.3 |
1975 | 5 302 | 46.9 | 50.6 | 2.5 |
1980 | 6 240 | 47.1 | 50.3 | 2.6 |
1985 | 7 268 | 47.5 | 50.0 | 2.5 |
1990 | 9 381 | 45.9 | 51.4 | 2.7 |
1995 | 9 883 | 44.7 | 52.2 | 3.1 |
2000 | 11 229 | 45.8 | 51.1 | 3.1 |
2005 | 12 823 | 46.1 | 50.9 | 3.1 |
2010 | 14 901 | 45.8 | 51.1 | 3.1 |
Total and Percent Distribution of Population by Single Year of Age (Census 09.03.2018)
Age | Population | Percent |
Total | 17,563,749 | 100 |
0-4 | 2,552,406 | 14.53 |
0 | 522,802 | 2.98 |
1 | 509,351 | 2.90 |
2 | 490,811 | 2.79 |
3 | 511,365 | 2.91 |
4 | 518,077 | 2.95 |
5-9 | 2,632,878 | 14.99 |
5 | 529,111 | 3.01 |
6 | 546,708 | 3.11 |
7 | 526,347 | 3.00 |
8 | 532,846 | 3.03 |
9 | 497,866 | 2.83 |
10-14 | 2,533,303 | 14.42 |
10 | 539,264 | 3.07 |
11 | 489,887 | 2.79 |
12 | 517,832 | 2.95 |
13 | 492,122 | 2.80 |
14 | 494,198 | 2.81 |
15-19 | 2,035,945 | 11.59 |
15 | 452,017 | 2.57 |
16 | 339,248 | 1.93 |
17 | 384,682 | 2.19 |
18 | 497,831 | 2.83 |
19 | 362,167 | 2.06 |
20-24 | 1,651,576 | 9.40 |
20 | 357,667 | 2.04 |
21 | 323,511 | 1.84 |
22 | 304,519 | 1.73 |
23 | 330,222 | 1.88 |
24 | 335,657 | 1.91 |
25-29 | 1,229,411 | 7.00 |
25 | 291,198 | 1.66 |
26 | 274,739 | 1.56 |
27 | 213,337 | 1.21 |
28 | 238,630 | 1.36 |
29 | 211,507 | 1.20 |
30-34 | 1,107,226 | 6.30 |
30 | 243,969 | 1.39 |
31 | 209,155 | 1.19 |
32 | 226,360 | 1.29 |
33 | 218,620 | 1.24 |
34 | 209,122 | 1.19 |
35-39 | 968,998 | 5.52 |
35 | 221,078 | 1.26 |
36 | 207,499 | 1.18 |
37 | 165,564 | 0.94 |
38 | 210,252 | 1.20 |
39 | 164,605 | 0.94 |
40-44 | 729,600 | 4.15 |
40 | 168,637 | 0.96 |
41 | 137,967 | 0.79 |
42 | 147,438 | 0.84 |
43 | 151,363 | 0.86 |
44 | 124,195 | 0.71 |
45-49 | 535,868 | 3.05 |
45 | 129,172 | 0.74 |
46 | 121,996 | 0.69 |
47 | 89,576 | 0.51 |
48 | 112,116 | 0.64 |
49 | 83,008 | 0.47 |
50-54 | 387,812 | 2.21 |
50 | 99,632 | 0.57 |
51 | 57,309 | 0.33 |
52 | 63,690 | 0.36 |
53 | 72,671 | 0.41 |
54 | 94,510 | 0.54 |
55-59 | 306,921 | 1.75 |
55 | 69,274 | 0.39 |
56 | 63,914 | 0.36 |
57 | 50,534 | 0.29 |
58 | 75,091 | 0.43 |
59 | 48,108 | 0.27 |
60-64 | 234,918 | 1.34 |
60 | 69,006 | 0.39 |
61 | 38,753 | 0.22 |
62 | 44,264 | 0.25 |
63 | 40,119 | 0.23 |
64 | 42,776 | 0.24 |
65-69 | 240,551 | 1.37 |
65 | 47,861 | 0.27 |
66 | 50,078 | 0.29 |
67 | 35,456 | 0.20 |
68 | 59,659 | 0.34 |
69 | 47,497 | 0.27 |
70-74 | 144,788 | 0.82 |
70 | 39,380 | 0.22 |
71 | 27,618 | 0.16 |
72 | 26,622 | 0.15 |
73 | 31,656 | 0.18 |
74 | 19,512 | 0.11 |
75-79 | 124,718 | 0.71 |
75 | 25,635 | 0.15 |
76 | 28,492 | 0.16 |
77 | 19,096 | 0.11 |
78 | 35,174 | 0.20 |
79 | 16,321 | 0.09 |
80-84 | 63,675 | 0.36 |
80 | 16,846 | 0.10 |
81 | 9,987 | 0.06 |
82 | 12,908 | 0.07 |
83 | 14,208 | 0.08 |
84 | 9,726 | 0.06 |
85-89 | 54,754 | 0.31 |
85 | 12,054 | 0.07 |
86 | 14,628 | 0.08 |
87 | 8,331 | 0.05 |
88 | 15,327 | 0.09 |
89 | 4,414 | 0.03 |
90-94 | 15,130 | 0.09 |
90 | 5,041 | 0.03 |
91 | 2,466 | 0.01 |
92 | 2,746 | 0.02 |
93 | 2,897 | 0.02 |
94 | 1,980 | 0.01 |
95+ | 13,271 | 0.08 |
Age group | Population | Percent |
0-14 | 7,718,587 | 43.95 |
15-64 | 9,188,275 | 52.31 |
65+ | 656,887 | 3.74 |
TFR - 4.17
Structure of the population :
Age Group | Male | Female | Total |
0-4 | 17,3 | 17,0 | 17,2 |
5-9 | 17,4 | 16,8 | 17,1 |
10-14 | 15,1 | 14,3 | 14,7 |
15-19 | 10,6 | 9,0 | 9,8 |
20-24 | 7,6 | 8,1 | 7,8 |
25-29 | 6,8 | 7,7 | 7,3 |
30-34 | 5,7 | 5,8 | 5,8 |
35-39 | 4,8 | 4,4 | 4,6 |
40-44 | 3,1 | 3,1 | 3,1 |
45-49 | 2,6 | 2,7 | 2,7 |
50-54 | 2,2 | 2,7 | 2,5 |
55-59 | 1,8 | 2,1 | 1,9 |
60-64 | 1,7 | 1,9 | 1,8 |
65-69 | 1,1 | 1,4 | 1,2 |
70-74 | 0,8 | 1,1 | 1,0 |
75-79 | 0,6 | 0,9 | 0,8 |
80+ | 0,6 | 1,0 | 0,8 |
Structure of the population :
Age Group | Male | Female | Total |
0-4 | 16,8 | 16,4 | 16,6 |
5-9 | 16,1 | 16,3 | 16,2 |
10-14 | 15,7 | 16,0 | 15,9 |
15-19 | 8,5 | 6,9 | 7,7 |
20-24 | 7,2 | 8,5 | 7,8 |
25-29 | 6,1 | 7,3 | 6,7 |
30-34 | 6,4 | 6,9 | 6,7 |
35-39 | 5,3 | 5,0 | 5,2 |
40-44 | 3,8 | 3,3 | 3,5 |
45-49 | 3,2 | 1,9 | 2,5 |
50-54 | 2,6 | 3,7 | 3,1 |
55-59 | 1,5 | 1,9 | 1,7 |
60-64 | 1,3 | 1,8 | 1,5 |
65-69 | 1,0 | 1,2 | 1,1 |
70-74 | 0,9 | 0,8 | 0,8 |
75-79 | 0,7 | 0,8 | 0,7 |
80+ | 0,7 | 0,9 | 0,8 |
UN population projections
Numbers are in thousands. UN medium variant projections- 2015 17,522
- 2020 20,677
- 2025 24,212
- 2030 28,173
- 2035 32,667
- 2040 37,797
- 2045 43,521
- 2050 49,719
Vital statistics
Births and deaths
Year | Population | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase | Crude birth rate | Crude death rate | Rate of natural increase | TFR |
2008* | 13 077 160 | 516 629 | 135 865 | 380 764 | 37,9 | 10,0 | 27,9 | 5,2 |
- Data refer to the 12 months preceding the census in June
Fertility and births
Year | CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR |
1984 | 52 | 7.58 | ||||
1992 | 42.9 | 6.73 | 40.5 | 5.51 | 43.2 | 6.88 |
2000 | 45.5 | 6.3 | 40.8 | 4.5 | 46.2 | 6.7 |
2004 | 42.4 | 6.0 | 37.0 | 4.2 | 43.4 | 6.4 |
2010 | 39.2 | 5.7 | 36.0 | 4.0 | 39.8 | 6.1 |
2015-16 | 32.2 | 4.4 | 29.5 | 3.0 | 32.6 | 4.7 |
2017 | 32.1 | 4.2 | 27.4 | 2.8 | 33.0 | 4.5 |
Fertility data as of 2016 :
Region | Total fertility rate | Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant | Mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49 |
Northern | 4.2 | 8.1 | 5.7 |
Central | 4.4 | 7.8 | 6.2 |
Southern | 4.6 | 7.3 | 5.7 |
Total | 4.4 | 7.6 | 5.9 |
Life expectancy birth
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.- One birth every 45 seconds
- One death every 4 minutes
- One net migrant every 44 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 57 seconds
Population
Age structure
Median age
Birth rate
Death rate
[Total fertility rate]
Population growth rate
Mother's mean age at first birth
Contraceptive prevalence rate
Net migration rate
Religions
Protestant 27.2%, Catholic 18.4%, other Christian 41%, Muslim 12.1%, other 0.3%, none 1%- Christian: 86.9%
- Islam: 12.5%
- Other: 0.1%
- None: 0.5%
[Dependency ratio]s
Urbanization
Life expectancy at birth
Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.03 male/female
- under 15 years: 1 male/female
- 15-64 years: 0.97 male/female
- 65 years and over: 0.69 male/female
- total population: 0.97 male/female
Ratio of medical doctors to general population
Nationality
- noun: Malawian
- adjective: Malawian
Ethnic groups
- Chewa 34.3%
- Lomwe 18.8%
- Yao 13.2%
- Ngoni 10.4%
- Tumbuka 9.2%
- Sena 3.8%
- Mang'anja 3.2%
- Tonga 1.8%
- Nyanja 1.8%
- Nyakyusa 1%
- Europeans 0.04%
- Other 2.5%
Languages
- English
- Chichewa - 6,500,000
- Chiyao - 1,760,000
- Chitumbuka - 1,180,000
- Chilomwe - 2,290,000
- Chingoni - 37,500
- Chimakhuwa - 200,000
- Chisena - 468,000
- Chitonga - 271,000
- Chinyika - 5,000
- Chinyiha - 10,000
- Chindali - 70,000
- Chinyakyusa - 149,000
- Chilambya - 59,500
- Afrikaans - 26,000
Literacy