Diagram


A diagram is a symbolic representation of information using visualization techniques. Diagrams have been used since ancient times, but became more prevalent during the Enlightenment. Sometimes, the technique uses a three-dimensional visualization which is then projected onto a two-dimensional surface. The word graph is sometimes used as a synonym for diagram.

Overview

The term "diagram" in its commonly used sense can have a general or specific meaning:
In science the term is used in both ways. For example, Anderson stated more generally: "diagrams are pictorial, yet abstract, representations of information, and maps, line graphs, bar charts, engineering blueprints, and architects' sketches are all examples of diagrams, whereas photographs and video are not". On the other hand, Lowe defined diagrams as specifically "abstract graphic portrayals of the subject matter they represent".
In the specific sense diagrams and charts contrast with computer graphics, technical illustrations, infographics, maps, and technical drawings, by showing "abstract rather than literal representations of information". The essence of a diagram can be seen as:
Or in Hall's words "diagrams are simplified figures, caricatures in a way, intended to convey essential meaning". These simplified figures are often based on a set of rules. The basic shape according to White can be characterized in terms of "elegance, clarity, ease, pattern, simplicity, and validity". Elegance is basically determined by whether or not the diagram is "the simplest and most fitting solution to a problem".

Gallery of diagram types

There are at least the following types of diagrams:
Many of these types of diagrams are commonly generated using diagramming software such as Visio and Gliffy. Thousands of diagram techniques exist. Some more examples follow
Diagrams may also be classified according to use or purpose, for example, explanatory and/or how to diagrams.

Specific diagram types

;A
;B
;C
;D
;E
;F
;G
;H
;I
;J
;K
;L
;M
;N
;O
;P
;R
;S
;T
;U
;V
;W
;Y