Dianella (plant)


Dianella is a monocot genus of flowering plants. They are commonly called flax lilies.
In the APG II system of plant classification, Dianella was placed in the family Hemerocallidaceae. When that system was replaced by APG III in 2009, Hemerocallidaceae was combined with two other families, called Asphodelaceae in the APG IV system.
Dianella ranges from Japan to India, thence south to Australia and New Zealand; it also occurs on many Pacific Islands. About half of the species are native to Australia. Several species are grown for their attractive foliage and shiny, blue to purple berries. Estimates of the number of species range from 20 to more than 40. The type species for the genus is Dianella ensata, now a synonym of Dianella ensifolia.
Dianella is closely related to Thelionema and Herpolirion.
'' fruit

Description

Characteristics:
'' in flower

Taxonomy

The genus name Dianella was published by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1786 in his Encyclopédie Méthodique. Botanique, but this did not validly establish the botanical name because Lamarck did not include a description of the new genus. Antoine Laurent de Jussieu made it a correct name in 1789 when he published a description in the first edition of his Genera Plantarum. In an etymology of this name, Umberto Quattrocchi states that Dianella is "diminutive of Diana, the mythical goddess of hunting, the sylvan goddess.

Species

, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognizes 41 species:
  1. Dianella acutifolia Schlittler - New Caledonia
  2. Dianella adenanthera R.J.F.Hend. - numerous Pacific Islands
  3. Dianella amoena G.W.Carr & P.F.Horsfall - Tasmania, Victoria
  4. Dianella atraxis R.J.F.Hend. - Queensland
  5. Dianella bambusifolia Hallier f. - Queensland, New Guinea
  6. Dianella boliviana Schlittler - Bolivia
  7. Dianella brevicaulis G.W.Carr & P.F.Horsfall - southern Australia
  8. Dianella brevipedunculata R.J.F.Hend. - Queensland
  9. Dianella caerulea Sims - New Guinea, eastern Australia
  10. Dianella callicarpa G.W.Carr & P.F.Horsfall - Victoria
  11. Dianella carolinensis Lauterb. - Micronesia
  12. Dianella congesta R.Br. - Queensland, New South Wales
  13. Dianella crinoides R.J.F.Hend. - Queensland, New South Wales
  14. Dianella daenikeri Schlittler - New Caledonia
  15. Dianella dentata Schlittler - southeastern China
  16. Dianella ensifolia DC. Chimanimani Mountains of southern Africa; Indian Subcontinent, China, Madagascar, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Japan, islands in Indian Ocean
  17. Dianella fruticans R.J.F.Hend. - Queensland
  18. Dianella haematica Heenan & de Lange - North Island of New Zealand
  19. Dianella incollata R.J.F.Hend. - Queensland
  20. Dianella intermedia Endl. - Norfolk Island of Australia
  21. Dianella javanica Kunth - Southeast Asia, Papuasia
  22. Dianella latissima Heenan & de Lange - North Island of New Zealand
  23. Dianella longifolia R.Br. - widespread in Australia
  24. Dianella monophylla Hallier f. - New Guinea
  25. Dianella nervosa R.J.F.Hend. - Queensland, New South Wales
  26. Dianella nigra Colenso - North + South Islands of New Zealand
  27. Dianella odorata Blume - Maluku, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Queensland, Northern Territory
  28. Dianella pavopennacea R.J.F.Hend. - Queensland
  29. Dianella pendula Schlittler - îles Loyauté of New Caledonia
  30. Dianella plicata Schlittler - New Caledonia
  31. Dianella porracea Horsfall & G.W.Carr - Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia
  32. Dianella prunina R.J.F.Hend. - New South Wales
  33. Dianella rara R.Br. - Queensland
  34. Dianella revoluta R.Br. - widespread in Australia
  35. Dianella saffordiana Fosberg & Sachet - Guam
  36. Dianella sandwicensis Hook. & Arn. - New Caledonia, Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas
  37. Dianella serrulata Hallier f. - Queensland, New Guinea
  38. Dianella stipitata Schlittler - New Caledonia
  39. Dianella tarda Horsfall & G.W.Carr - New South Wales, Victoria
  40. Dianella tasmanica Hook.f. - Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales
  41. Dianella tenuissima G.W.Carr - New South Wales

    Australian species (incomplete)

Some species can be cultivated. They are frost-hardy and grow in full sun or partial shade. They can be propagated by division of the rhizome. Some plants have dense, attractive foliage and showy flowers and fruits.
Reports of the edibility of the fruit range from very poisonous to sweet and nutty, and the beach flax lily is reportedly the best-tasting.
The leaves are used to weave dillies and baskets by Indigenous Australians.