Domo Geshe Rinpoche Ngawang Kalsang Geshe Ngawang Kalsang, later known as Domo Geshe Rinpoche, is said to have been Shariputra, the Mahadsiddha Gayadhara, Dharmashri, Munijnana, Tönmi Sambhota, King Trisong Detsen, Dromtönpa, Milarepa, Khedrup Rinpoche, and Dragpa Gyaltsen in previous lives. At the age of 8 he received the name Ngawang Kalsang, upon entering Tashi Lhunpo Monastery. After 20 years of study he received the “kachen” degree, Tashi Lhunpo’s equivalent of the “geshe” degree. Later, he left the monastery and meditated for 12 years in various caves and retreats in the mountain wilderness of Southern Tibet. One day a lost herdsman discovered him in retreat in a cave, and brought word back to the people of the valley. They requested him to settle among them and teach, and he did so. From the book The Way of the White Clouds, written by a Western student of the lama: Upon request by the people of Domo to stay with them, Geshe Rinpoche rebuilt Dungkar Gonpa. It was so named after several white conch manifestations there. He enlarged the main Buddha statue of the monastery and built a Maitreya Buddha statue, as a symbol of the spiritual future. During his travels in India, he was entrusted with several more monasteries. A patron from Darjeeling offered him a retreat house at Ghoom Yiga Chöling Monastery and requested him to take care of the monastery. Rinpoche enlarged it and built another famous two-storey Maitreya Buddha statue. In 1919 Tashi Chöling Monastery in Kurseong, near Darjeeling, was completed and consecrated by Geshe Rinpoche, and Tharpa Chöling Monastery in Kalimpong was finished in 1922. Domo Geshe Rinpoche was the first of the Tibetan lamas to go on pilgrimage repeatedly to the Buddhist holy sites in India. It was on one of these pilgrimages that he had his most well-known vision: After his passing in 1936, Dungkar Gonpa requested the Central Tibetan government for permission to embalm the body of Domo Geshe Rinpoche. At the time, only Je Tsong Khapa, the Dalai Lamas, and the Panchen Lamas customarily embalmed and sealed in large stupas. In granting permission, the Regent Reting Rinpoche said, "In Southern Tibet, including Sikkim, etc., Domo Geshe Rinpoche's activities were exactly like those of Je Tsong Khapa. In accordance, we will allow Rinpoche's body to be preserved."
The second Domo Geshe Rinpoche was recognized by Pabongka Rinpoche and Trijang Rinpoche, and became a direct disciple of Trijang Rinpoche. He completed the Geshe Lharampa degree at Sera Monastery in 1958, shortly before the Chinese invasion. Before leaving Tibet for India in 1961, he gathered a number of very rare manuscript collections. He also collected the sets of textbooks used by the different colleges of Sera, Drepung, and Ganden. In 1966 he and Trijang Rinpoche instituted an annual Ganden Ngamchö procession in Kalimpong and Darjeeling on the parinirvana anniversary of Je Tsongkhapa, founder of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. He was known for providing aid to the poor, education to children and healing to the sick. In 1976 he moved to the United States and established the , a not-for-profit organization. From his center Gangjong Namgyal in the Catskill Mountains, he gave advice, oral transmissions and retreats until passing awayin 2001.
The current reincarnation of Domo Geshe Rinpoche was recognized and confirmed by Trijang Choktrul Rinpoche after divination and prayers from 2002 to 2006. In 2008 he was officially enthroned at Dung Guen Samtencholing, Darjeeling, his principal monastery in India; at Tashi Choling, his monastery in West Bengal; at Enchey House, the ancestral home and seat of the previous Domo Geshe Rinpoche in Sikkim; and at Gangjong Namgyal in New York. At Shar Gaden monastery since 2009, he is currently studying with tutors under the guidance of his guru Trijang Chocktrul Rinpoche.
