Downtown Pittsburgh
Downtown Pittsburgh, colloquially referred to as the Golden Triangle, and officially the Central Business District, is the urban downtown center of Pittsburgh. It is located at the confluence of the Allegheny River and the Monongahela River whose joining forms the Ohio River. The "triangle" is bounded by the two rivers. The area features offices for major corporations such as PNC Bank, U.S. Steel, PPG, Bank of New York Mellon, Heinz, Federated Investors and Alcoa. It is where the fortunes of such industrial barons as Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick, Henry J. Heinz, Andrew Mellon and George Westinghouse were made. It contains the site where the French fort, Fort Duquesne, once stood.
In 2013, Pittsburgh had the second-lowest vacancy rate for Class A space among downtowns in the United States.
Location
The Central Business District is bounded by the Monongahela River to the south, the Allegheny River to the north, and I-579 to the east. An expanded definition of Downtown may include the adjacent neighborhoods of Uptown/The Bluff, the Strip District, the North Shore, and the South Shore.Transportation
Public transportation
Downtown is served by the Port Authority's light rail subway system, an extensive bus network, and two inclines. The Downtown portion of the subway has the following stations:T Stations
- Station Square on the South Shore in the Station Square development
- First Avenue near First Avenue & Ross Street, Downtown
- Steel Plaza at Sixth Avenue & Grant Street, Downtown
- Penn Plaza near Liberty Avenue & Grant Street, Downtown
- Wood Street at the triangular intersection of Wood Street, Sixth Avenue, and Liberty Avenue, Downtown
- Gateway Center at Liberty Avenue & Stanwix Street, Downtown
- North Side near General Robinson Street & Tony Dorsett Drive on the North Shore
- Allegheny near Allegheny Avenue & Reedsdale Street on the North Shore
Highways
Major roadways serving Downtown from the suburbs include the "Parkway East" from Monroeville, the "Parkway West" from the airport area, and the "Parkway North" from the North Hills, and in Downtown Pittsburgh. Other important roadways are Pennsylvania Route 28, Pennsylvania Route 51, Pennsylvania Route 65, and U.S. Route 19.Three major entrances to the city are via tunnels: the Fort Pitt Tunnel and Squirrel Hill Tunnel on I-376 and the Liberty Tunnels. The New York Times once called Pittsburgh "the only city with an entrance," specifically referring to the view of Downtown that explodes upon drivers immediately upon exiting the Fort Pitt Tunnel. Also traveling I-279 south and I-376, the city "explodes into view" when coming around a turn in the highway.
Local streets
Downtown surface streets are based on two distinct grid systems that parallel the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers. These two grids intersect along Liberty Avenue, creating many unusual street intersections. Furthermore, the Allegheny grid contains numbered streets, while the Monongahela grid contains numbered avenues. And, in fact, there are cases where these numbered roadways intersect, creating some confusion. This unusual grid pattern leads to Pittsburghers giving directions in the terms of landmarks, rather than turn-by-turn directions.Bridges
Pittsburgh is nicknamed "The City of Bridges". In Downtown, there are 10 bridges connecting to points north and south. The expanded definition of Downtown includes 18 bridges. Citywide there are 446 bridges. In Allegheny County the number exceeds 2,200.Downtown Bridges
- Fort Pitt Bridge carries I-376 between Downtown and the Fort Pitt Tunnel
- Fort Duquesne Bridge carries I-279 between Downtown and the North Shore
- Smithfield Street Bridge carries Smithfield Street between Downtown and the South Shore
- Panhandle Bridge carries the city's light rail transit system between Downtown and the South Shore
- Liberty Bridge connects the Liberty Tunnel to I-579 Downtown
- Roberto Clemente Bridge connects 6th Street Downtown to Federal Street on the North Shore at PNC Park
- Andy Warhol Bridge connects 7th Street Downtown to Sandusky Street on the North Shore at the Andy Warhol Museum
- Rachel Carson Bridge connects 9th Street Downtown to Anderson Street on the North Shore
- Fort Wayne Railroad Bridge carries freight and Amtrak trains from Downtown to the North Shore
- Veterans Bridge carries I-579 from Downtown to the North Side
- West End Bridge carries US Route 19 from the West End/South Shore to the North Shore/North Side just west of Downtown
- 16th Street Bridge carries 16th Street from the Strip District to Chestnut Street on the North Side
- West Penn Bridge is part of the Three Rivers Heritage Trail connecting the North Side to Washington's Landing on Herr's Island
- 30th Street Bridge connects River Avenue on the North Side with Waterfront Drive on Washington's Landing at Herr's Island
- 31st Street Bridge connects PA Route 28 on the North Side with 31st Street in the Strip District
- 33rd Street Railroad Bridge connects the North Side to the Strip District and crosses Herr's Island
- South 10th Street Bridge connects the Armstrong Tunnel at Second Avenue just east of Downtown with the South Side at South 10th Street
- Birmingham Bridge connects East Carson Street on the South Side with Fifth and Forbes avenues in Uptown
Downtown districts
- The Pittsburgh Central Downtown Historic District is a historic district in the central business district. It is bounded by Wood Street, Forbes Avenue, Grant Street, and Liberty Avenue. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 17, 1985.
- Point State Park area: At the triangle's tip is Point State Park with its giant fountain and the Fort Pitt Museum. This park was the original site of both Fort Duquesne by the French and the subsequent Fort Pitt by the British.
- The Cultural District along Penn and Liberty avenues on the Allegheny River includes numerous theaters, galleries, and concert halls including Heinz Hall, Byham Theater, O'Reilly Theater, Benedum Center, and Wood Street Galleries as well as restaurants and housing. The Penn-Liberty Historic District encompasses the Penn & Liberty avenue corridor in the Cultural District.
- The Fifth & Forbes Corridor is Downtown's shopping district along Fifth and Forbes avenues and includes historic Market Square. Downtown is home to numerous independent retailers plus large retailers such as Burlington Coat Factory and Brooks Brothers.
- The Grant Street area is the seat of Pittsburgh's and Allegheny County's government and is also a prestigious corporate address with many of the city's tallest skyscrapers.
- The Firstside neighborhood along the Boulevard of the Allies and Fort Pitt Boulevard adjacent to the Monongahela River is an educational and residential district. It is home to Point Park University and the Art Institute of Pittsburgh both of which have high-rise student housing in the neighborhood. Numerous other residential projects are also under construction in this neighborhood.
Economy
University of Pittsburgh economist Christopher Briem notes that the level of employment in the city has remained largely constant for the past 50 years: " time series of jobs located in the City proper are about as stable as any economic metric in the region, or in any other Northeastern US urban core, over many decades. In 1958, 294,000 jobs located in the city proper…Those numbers are virtually identical today which tells me there is a certain limit to how many jobs can efficiently be located in what are some relatively constrained areas." These numbers reflect employment in the city as a whole, not just the central business district; but the central business district has the highest density of employment of any Pittsburgh neighborhood.
Pittsburgh has long been a headquarters city, with numerous national and global corporations calling the Golden Triangle home. Currently, Downtown is still home to a large number of Fortune 500 companies :
– headquartered in PPG Place
- H. J. Heinz Company
– headquartered in One PNC Plaza
– headquartered in PPG Place
– headquartered at Station Square
- U.S. Steel
Downtown is also home to GNC, Dollar Bank, Equitable Resources, Duquesne Light, Federated Investors and Highmark as well as the regional headquarters for Citizens Bank, Ariba, and Dominion Resources. Regional healthcare giant UPMC has its corporate headquarters in the US Steel Tower.
Major buildings
- 11 Stanwix Street
- 525 William Penn Place
- Allegheny County Courthouse
- Benedum Center
- BNY Mellon Center
- Byham Theater
- City-County Building
- David L. Lawrence Convention Center
- EQT Plaza
- Heinz Hall
- Fifth Avenue Place
- Federated Tower
- Frick Building
- Gateway Center
- Grant Building
- Gulf Tower
- K&L Gates Center
- Koppers Tower
- O'Reilly Theater
- Oxford Centre
- Penn Station
- One PNC Plaza
- Two PNC Plaza
- Three PNC Plaza
- Trinity Cathedral, downtown
- PPG Place
- Regional Enterprise Tower
- Union Trust Building
- US Steel Tower
- William S. Moorhead Federal Building
Hotels
- Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown
- Omni William Penn
- Pittsburgh Marriott City Center
- Renaissance Pittsburgh
- Fairmont Pittsburgh
- Westin Convention Center Hotel
- Doubletree Pittsburgh City Center
- Courtyard by Marriott Downtown
- Cambria Suites Pittsburgh
- Embassy Suites
- Drury Hotel
- Hilton Garden Inn
- Hampton Inn & Suites
- Sheraton Station Square
- SpringHill Suites
- Hyatt Place
- Residence Inn by Marriott
- Holiday Inn Express
- Distrikt Hotel
Parks and plazas
- Point State Park at the tip of the Golden Triangle
- Mellon Square located in the square between Oliver & Sixth avenues and Smithfield Street and William Penn Place
- Market Square at Forbes Avenue & Market Street
- Mellon Green located at Grant Street & Sixth Avenue
- FirstSide Park located between Grant & Ross streets and First & Second avenues.
- Gateway Center plazas located around the Gateway Center skyscrapers near Liberty Avenue & Stanwix Street
- Plaza at PPG Place near Third Avenue & Market Street
- US Steel Tower Plaza at Grant Street & Sixth Avenue
- Katz Plaza at Penn Avenue & Seventh Street
- Triangle Park bounded by Liberty Avenue, Fifth Avenue & Market Street
- Allegheny Riverfront Park along the Allegheny River below Fort Duquesne Boulevard
- Mon Wharf Landing along the Monongahela River below Fort Pitt Boulevard
- North Shore Riverfront Park opposite Downtown along the Allegheny and Ohio rivers, part of the larger Three Rivers Park
Educational facilities
- Point Park University
- The Art Institute of Pittsburgh
- Le Cordon Bleu Institute of Culinary Arts
- Robert Morris University's Downtown branch
- Pittsburgh Creative and Performing Arts 6–12
- City Charter High School
Residential areas
Surrounding neighborhoods
- The Bluff/Uptown
- Crawford-Roberts neighborhood in the Hill District
- North Shore
- South Shore
- South Side Flats
- Strip District