Drug cartel
A drug cartel is any criminal organization with the intention of supplying drug trafficking operations. They range from loosely managed agreements among various drug traffickers to formalized commercial enterprises. The term was applied when the largest trafficking organizations reached an agreement to coordinate the production and distribution of cocaine. Since that agreement was broken up, drug cartels are no longer actually cartels, but the term stuck and it is now popularly used to refer to any criminal narcotics related organization.
The basic structure of a drug cartel is as follows:
- Falcons : Considered as the "eyes and ears" of the streets, the "falcons" are the lowest rank in any drug cartel. They are responsible for supervising and reporting the activities of the police, the military, and rival groups.
- Hitmen : The armed group within the drug cartel, responsible for carrying out assassinations, kidnappings, thefts, and extortions, operating protection rackets, and from rival groups and the military.
- Lieutenants : The second highest position in the drug cartel organization, responsible for supervising the hitmen and falcons within their own territory. They are allowed to carry out low-profile murders without permission from their bosses.
- Drug lords : The highest position in any drug cartel, responsible for supervising the entire drug industry, appointing territorial leaders, making alliances, and planning high-profile murders.
Africa
- Cape Verdean organized crime
- Mungiki
- Nigerian organized crime
- *Confraternities in Nigeria
- **Black Axe Confraternity
- *Anini gang
- Mai-Mai militia gangs
- Moroccan hashish smugglers
- *Ahmed organization
Americas
North America
Canada
- Rivard organization
- Red Scorpions
- Bacon Brothers
- Montreal
- *West End Gang
- *Blass gang
- *Dubois Brothers
- Indo-Canadian organized crime
- *Punjabi Mafia जोहल गिरोह
- Canadian mafia families
- *Rizzuto crime family
- *Cuntrera-Caruana Mafia clan
- *Cotroni crime family
- *Musitano crime family
- *Papalia crime family
- *Luppino crime family
- *Perri crime family
- *Siderno Group
- *Commisso 'ndrina
Mexico
Mexican cartels, La Maña, Narcotraficantes usually refers to several, rival, criminal organizations that are combated by the Mexican government in the Mexican War on Drugs :
- Gulf Cartel
- *Los Zetas
- *La Familia Michoacana
- *Los Caballeros Templarios
- Guadalajara Cartel
- Sinaloa Cartel
- *Colima Cartel
- *Sonora Cartel
- *Artistas Asesinos
- *Gente Nueva
- *Los Ántrax
- Milenio Cartel
- *La Resistencia
- *Jalisco New Generation Cartel
- Beltrán-Leyva Cartel
- *Los Negros
- *South Pacific Cartel
- *Cártel del Centro
- *Cártel Independiente de Acapulco
- *La Barredora
- *El Comando Del Diablo
- *La Mano Con Ojos
- *La Nueva Administración
- *La Oficina
- *Cártel de la Sierra
- *Cártel de La Calle
- *Los Chachos
- Tijuana Cartel
- *Oaxaca Cartel
- Juárez Cartel
- *La Línea
- *Barrio Azteca
- Lesser-known small-criminal organizations:
- *Los Mexicles
- *Los Texas
- Government officials: Other organizations that have been involved in drug trade or traffic in Mexico :
- *Mexican officials:
- **Municipal, State, and Federal police forces in Mexico
- **Mexican Armed Forces
- **Mexico City International Airport
- **Club Xoloitzcuintles
- *United States officials:
- **Federal Bureau of Investigation
- **Texas National Guard
- **U.S. Customs and Border Protection
- **United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
United States
- National Crime Syndicate
- *Seven Group
- *Murder, Inc.
- Polish Mob
- *Saltis-McErlane Gang
- *Kielbasa Posse
- *The Greenpoint Crew
- *Flats Mob
- *The Flathead gang
- Prohibition-era gangs
- *Galveston
- **Downtown Gang
- **Beach Gang
- **The Maceo syndicate
- *Shelton Brothers Gang
- *Sheldon Gang
- *Broadway Mob
- *The Lanzetta Brothers
- *Circus Cafe Gang
- *Wandering Family
- *Remus organization
- Hispanic-American
- *Marielitos
- **The Corporation
- ** Surenos or SUR 13
- *Puerto Rican mafia
- **Agosto organization
- **La ONU
- **Martinez Familia Sangeros
- **Solano organization
- **Negri organization
- **Márquez gambling ring
- *Polanco-Rodriguez organization
- Los Angeles
- *Nash gang
- *Wonderland Gang
- Dixie Mafia
- *Cornbread Mafia
- Greek-American organized crime
- *Philadelphia Greek Mob
- *Velentzas Family
- Assyrian/Chaldean mafia
- Hawaii
- *The Company
- *Leota mob
- Wall gang
- Elkins mob
- The Chickens and the Bulls
- Binion mob
- Johnston gang
American Mafia
Active crime families
- American Mafia
- The Commission
- The Five Families of New York City
- *Bonanno
- **Indelicato crew
- **The Motion Lounge Crew
- *Colombo
- **Scarpa crew
- *Genovese
- **116th Street Crew
- **Greenwich Village Crew
- **New Jersey Crew
- *Gambino
- **Ozone Park Boys
- **DeMeo crew
- **Baltimore Crew
- **South Florida faction
- **New Jersey faction
- **The Bergin Crew
- **Cherry Hill Gambinos
- *Lucchese
- **The Jersey Crew
- **The Vario Crew
- **107th Street gang
- Magaddino crime family
- DeCavalcante crime family
- The Chicago Outfit
- *Las Vegas crew
- Philadelphia crime family
- Pittsburgh crime family
- Patriarca crime family
- *Angiulo Brothers crew
- Cleveland crime family
- Los Angeles crime family
- Kansas City crime family
- Trafficante crime family
- Detroit Partnership
- Milwaukee crime family
- New Orleans crime family
Defunct mafia families
- Morello crime family
- Genna crime family
- Porrello crime family
- St. Louis crime family
- Rochester Crime Family
- Bufalino crime family
- Dallas crime family
- Denver crime family
- San Francisco crime family
- San Jose crime family
- Seattle crime family
- Omaha crime family
- Licavoli Mob
- Cardinelli gang
- New York Camorra
- East Harlem Purple Gang
Jewish mafia">Jewish-American organized crime">Jewish mafia
- New York City
- *Schultz gang
- *The Bugs and Meyer Mob
- *Shapiro Brothers
- *Yiddish Black Hand
- *Rothstein organization
- *Kaplan gang
- *Rosenzweig gang
- Boston
- *69th Street Gang
- *Sagansky organization
- *Solomon organization
- Los Angeles
- *Cohen crime family
- The Purple Gang
- Zwillman gang
- Kid Cann's gang
- Birger mob
- Cleveland Syndicate
[African-American organized crime]
- New York City
- *The Council
- *Harlem numbers racket
- *Bumpy Johnson gang
- *Supreme Team
- *The Bebos
- *The Country Boys
- *Matthews Organization
- The Family
- Detroit
- *Black Mafia Family
- *Young Boys, Inc.
- *Chambers Brothers
- Philadelphia
- *Black Mafia
- *Junior Black Mafia
- Oakland, California
- *69 Mob
- Baltimore
- *Williams organization
- Washington, D.C.
- *Rayful Edmond organization
- Chicago
- *Theodore Roe's gambling ring
- *Stokes organization
- Atlantic City
- *Aso Posse
- Miami
- *Miami Boys
- Rosemond Organization
[Irish Mob]
- Prohibition-era Chicago gangs
- *North Side Gang
- *James Patrick O'Leary organization
- *John Patrick Looney gang
- *Valley Gang
- *Ragen's Colts
- *Touhy gang
- Boston
- *Mullen Gang
- *Winter Hill Gang
- *Gustin Gang
- *Charlestown Mob
- *Killeen gang
- Danny Hogan's gang
- Danny Walsh gang
- Tom Dennison empire
- Danny Greene's Celtic Club
- Nucky Johnson's Organization
- K&A Gang
- Enright gang
- New York
- *Dwyer gang
- *The Westies
- *White Hand Gang
- *Higgins gang
- St Louis
- *Hogan Gang
- *Egan's Rats
Caribbean
- Chadee gang
- Jamaican Yardies & Posses
- *Shower Posse
- *POW Posse
- *Tottenham Mandem
- **Star Gang
- *Klans Massive
- No Limit Soldiers
- Phantom death squad
- Zoe Pound
- Dominican drug cartels
- *Paulino organization
- *Féliz organization
South America
Brazil
- Comando Vermelho
- Primeiro Comando da Capital
- Terceiro Comando Puro
- Terceiro Comando
- Amigos dos Amigos
Bolivia
- Bolivian drug cartels
- *La Corporación
- *Santa Cruz cartel
Colombia
The current main actors in the drug trade are:
- Neo-paramilitary criminal gangs, also called BACRIM
- *Clan del Golfo
- *Oficina de Envigado
- Guerrilla movements in Colombia
- *ELN
- *EPL
- Buga Cartel
- Bogota Cartel
- Guajira Cartel
- Cali Cartel
- Medellín Cartel
- North Coast Cartel
- Norte del Valle Cartel
- AUC
- FARC
- Los Rastrojos
- The Black Eagles
- Bloque Meta
- Clan del Golfo
- Oficina de Envigado
- Los Paisas
- National Liberation Army
- Amazonas Cartel
Peru
- Peruvian drug cartels
- *Zevallos organisation
Venezuela
According to the United Nations, there has been an increase of cocaine trafficking through Venezuela since 2002. In 2005, Venezuela severed ties with the United States Drug Enforcement Administration, accusing its representatives of spying. Following the departure of the DEA from Venezuela and the expansion of DEA's partnership with Colombia in 2005, Venezuela became more attractive to drug traffickers. Between 2008 and 2012, Venezuela's cocaine seizure ranking among other countries declined, going from being ranked fourth in the world for cocaine seizures in 2008 to sixth in the world in 2012.
The cartel groups involved include:
- The Cuntrera-Caruana Mafia clan moved to Venezuela, which became an important hideout as the clan bought hotels and founded various businesses in Caracas and Valencia, as well as an extended ranch in Barinas, near the Colombian border. "Venezuela has its own Cosa Nostra family as if it is Sicilian territory," according to the Italian police. "The structure and hierarchy of the Mafia has been entirely reproduced in Venezuela." The Cuntrera-Caruana clan had direct links with the ruling Commission of the Sicilian Mafia, and are acknowledged by the American Cosa Nostra.
imperative they could not contact people on the outside who could have used their political connections to stop the expulsion." Their expulsion was ordered by a commission of the Venezuelan Senate headed by Senator Cristobal Fernandez Dalo and his money laundering investigator, Thor Halvorssen Hellum. They were arrested in September 1992 at Fiumicino airport, and in 1996 were sentenced to 13–20 years.
- Norte del Valle Cartel : In 2008 the leader of the Colombian Norte del Valle Cartel, Wilber Varela, was found murdered in a hotel in Mérida in Venezuela. In 2010, Venezuela arrested and deported to the United States Jaime Alberto "Beto" Marin, then head of the Norte del Valle Cartel.
- The Cartel of the Suns According to Jackson Diehl. Deputy Editorial Page Editor of The Washington Post, the Bolivarian government of Venezuela shelters "one of the world’s biggest drug cartels". There have also been allegations that former president Hugo Chávez and Diosdado Cabello being involved with drug trafficking.
Central America
Honduras
- Honduran drug cartels
- *Matta organization
- *Cachiros
El Salvador
- Mara Salvatrucha
Nicaragua
- Nicaraguan drug cartels
- *Oscar Danilo Blandón
Asia
East Asia
Korea
- Korean criminal organizations
- *Jongro street gang
Japan
Japanese criminal organizations">yakuza">Japanese criminal organizations
See also Kenji Doihara's criminal activitiesThe yakuza of Japan are similar to the Italian mafias in that they originated centuries ago and follow a rigid set of traditions, but have several aspects that make them unique, such as their full-body tattoos and their fairly open place in Japanese society. Many yakuza groups are umbrella organizations, smaller gangs reporting to a larger crime syndicate.
Active yakuza groups
- Roku-daime Yamaguchi-gumi 六代目山口組
- *Yoshitomi Group
- *Yon-daime Yamaken-gumi 四代目山健組
- *Ni-daime Kodo-kai 二代目弘道会
- *Ni-daime Takumi-gumi 二代目宅見組
- *Go-daime Kokusui-kai 五代目國粹会
- Inagawa-kai 稲川会
- Sumiyoshi-kai 住吉会
- *Sumiyoshi-ikka Shinwa-kai 住吉一家親和会
- **Kansuke Juni-daime 勘助十二代目
- Kobe Yamaguchi-gumi
- Matsuba-kai 松葉会
- Kyokuto-kai 極東会
- Dojin-kai 道仁会
- *Kitamura-gumi
- Yon-daime Kudo-kai 四代目工藤會
- Roku-daime Aizu-Kotetsu-kai 六代目会津小鉄会
- Okinawa Kyokuryu-kai 沖縄旭琉会
- Kyushu Seido-kai 九州誠道会
- Go-daime Kyosei-kai 五代目共政会
- San-daime Fukuhaku-kai 三代目福博会
- Soai-kai 双愛会
- Yon-daime Kyokuryu-kai 四代目旭琉会
- San-daime Kyodo-kai 三代目俠道会
- Taishu-kai 太州会
- Shichi-daime Goda-ikka 七代目合田一家
- Toa-kai 東亜会
- Ni-daime Azuma-gumi 二代目東組
- Yon-daime Asano-gumi 四代目浅野組
- Hachi-daime Sakaume-gumi 八代目酒梅組
- Yon-daime Kozakura-ikka 四代目小桜一家
- Ni-daime Shinwa-kai 二代目親和会
Defunct yakuza groups
- Kantō-kai 関東会
- Ni-daime Honda-kai 二代目本多会
- Yamaguchi-gumi
- *Goto-gumi 後藤組
- *Suishin-kai 水心会
- Ichiwa-kai 一和会
- San-daime Yamano-kai 三代目山野会
- Nakano-kai 中野会
- Kyokuto Sakurai-soke-rengokai 極東桜井總家連合会
China
- Hong Kong-based Triads
- * 14K Group :zh:十四K|十四K
- * Wo Group 和字頭
- ** Wo Shing Wo :zh:和勝和|和勝和
- ** Wo On Lok :zh:和安樂|和安樂
- ** Wo Hop To :zh:和合圖|和合圖
- * Sun Yee On :zh:新義安|新義安
- * Luen Group 聯字頭
- * Big Circle Gang 大圈
- Sio Sam Ong
- Chinese-American gangs '
- * Wah Ching 華青
- * Ping On
- * Black Dragons 黑龍
- * Jackson Street Boys 積臣街小子
- Taiwan-based Triads
- *United Bamboo Gang :zh:竹聯幫|竹聯幫
- *Four Seas Gang :zh:四海幫|四海幫
- *Celestial Alliance
- Mainland Chinese crime groups '
- * Chongqing group 重慶組
- * Defunct
- **Honghuzi gangs
- ** Green Gang 青帮
- Triads in Cholon
- *Wu Bang
Southeast Asia
- Golden Triangle
- *Burmese drug cartels'
- **Khun Sa cartel '
- **Red Wa Cartel '
- **Hawngleuk Militia
- **Han cartel
- *Laotian drug cartels '
- Chao pho
- *Red Wa
- Filipino crime gangs
- **Salonga Group
- **Kuratong Baleleng
- **Changco gang
- **Putik gang
- Cambodian crime gangs
- *Teng Bunma organization
- Malaysian crime gangs
- *Mamak Gang
- Secret societies in Singapore
- *Ang Soon Tong昂很快塘
- *Ghee Hin Kongsi 酥油軒懸空寺
- *Hai San 海新
- *Wah Kee:zh:華記|華記
- * Ah Kong 新加坡黑手黨
Vietnamese Xã Hội Đen
- Bình Xuyên
- Đại Cathay's mafia during the 60s
- Năm Cam's mafia of the 90s
- Khánh Trắng's "Đồng Xuân Labor Union", a crime syndicate under the guise of a legal entity
- Dung Hà's gang
- Vũ Xuân Trường's gang: a crime syndicate led by Vũ Xuân Trường, a government official and also a drug lord.
South Asia
- Indian mafia '
- *Mumbai
- **D-Company डी कंपनी
- **Rajan gang राजन गिरोह
- **Gawli gang गवली गिरोह
- **Rajan gang
- **Surve gang
- **Mudaliar gang
- **Mastan gang
- **Budesh gang
- **Kalani gang
- *Pathan mafia
- **Lala gang
- *Uttar Pradesh
- **Ansari gang
- **Yadav gang
- *Bangalore
- **Rai gang
- **Ramachandra gang
- **Jayaraj gang
- *Kala Kaccha Gang
- *Chaddi Baniyan Gang
- Sri Lankan criminal groups
- Pakistani mafia '
- *Chotu gang
- *Lyari Gang
- Mafia Raj
- Dacoit gangs
- *Singh gang
- *Veerappan gang
- *Devi gang
Middle East
- Israeli mafia '
- *Abergil Crime Family משפחת אברג'יל
- *Alperon crime family אלפרון משפחת פשע
- *Zeev Rosenstein organization זאב רוזנשטיין הארגון
- *Palestinian organized crime '
- **Doghmush clan
- Turkish mafia
- *Crime groups in Turkey '
- **Kilic gang
- **Cakici gang
- **Peker gang
- **Yaprak gang
- **Topal organisation
- **Söylemez Gang
- *Kurdish mafia '
- **Baybasin drug organization
- **Cantürk organization
- *Turkish organised crime in Great Britain
- **Arifs
- *Turkish organised crime in Germany
- **Arabaci clan
- *Imac clan
- Iranian organized crime '
- *Tahvili crime family
- Lebanese mafia '
- *Mhallami-Lebanese crime clans
- **Miri-Clan
- **Al-Zein Clan
- *Juomaa drug trafficking organisation
- *Ibrahim clan
Afghanistan
- Golden Crescent
- *Afridi Network
- * Afghan drug cartels
- ** Noorzai Organization
- ** Khan organization
- ** Karzai organization
- ** Bagcho organization
Central Asia
- Uzbek mafia
- *Rakhimov organization
- Kyrgyz mafia
- *Erkinbayev group
- *Akmatbayev group
- *Kolbayev group
Eurasia
Russia
Although organized crime existed in the Soviet era, the gangs really gained in power and international reach during the transition to capitalism. The term Russian Mafia, 'mafiya' or mob is a blanket term for the various organized crime groups that emerged in this period from the 15 former republics of the USSR and unlike their Italian counterparts does not mean members are necessarily of Russian ethnicity or uphold any ancient criminal traditions, although this is the case for some members.- Russian-Jewish mafia
- *Brighton Beach
- **Agron gang
- **Nayfeld gang
- **Balagula gang
- *Mogilevich organization
- Brothers' Circle
- Russian mafia
- *Moscow
- **Izmaylovskaya gang
- **Solntsevskaya bratva
- ***New York branch
- **Orekhovskaya gang
- *St Petersburg
- **Tambov Gang
- *Togliatti mafia
- *Uralmash gang
- *Lazovsky gang
- *Vladivostok gang
- *Kurganskaya group
- *Tsapok gang
- *'Elephants' group
- *Kazan gang
Caucasus
- Georgian mafia '
- *Kutaisi clan
- *Tbilisi clan
- *21st Century Association
- Armenian mafia
- *Mirzoyan-Terdjanian organization
- *Armenian Power
- Azeri mafia
- *Janiev organization
- Chechen mafia '
- *Obschina
- *Labazanov gang
Europe
Sweden
- Original Gangsters
- Fucked For Life
- Uppsalamaffian
- Chosen Ones
- Werewolf Legion
- Asir
- Vårvädersligan
Netherlands
- Dutch 'Penose'
- *Bruinsma drug gang
- *Holleeder gang
- *Mieremet gang
France
- French Milieu '
- *Corsican mafia '
- **Unione Corse
- **Brise de Mer gang
- *Les Caïds Des Cités
- **Faïd gang
- **The Barbarians
- *Wigs gang
- *North African Brigade
- *Tractions Avant gang
- *Bande des Trois Canards
- *French gypsy gangs
- **Hornec gang
Greece
- Greek mafia
Ireland
- Ireland
- *Dublin
- **Cahill gang
- **Gilligan gang
- **Foley gang
- **Hyland gang
- **Dunne gang
- **The Westies
- *Limerick
- **McCarthy-Dundon
- **Keane-Collopy
- *Rathkeale Rovers
- *Kinahan gang
- *The Heaphys, Cork
Spain
- Spain
- *Galician mafia
- *Romani clans
- **El Clan De La Paca
- *Los Miami
Poland
- Poland
- *Pruszków mafia
- *Wołomin mafia
Slovakia
- Slovak mafia
- *Hungaro-Slovak mafia
Hungary
- Raffael clan
- Sztojka clan
Czech Republic
- *Mrázek organization
- *Krejčíř organization
Belgium
- The Belgian Milieu
- *'Hormone mafia'
- *Milieu Liègeois
Italy
- Sicilian Mafia
- *Sicilian Mafia Commission
- *Mandamenti
- **See also List of Sicilian Mafia clans
- **Cuntrera-Caruana Mafia clan
- **Inzerillo Mafia clan
- **Corleonesi
- **Greco Mafia clan
- **Motisi Mafia clan
- 'Ndrangheta
- La Provincia
- *See also List of 'ndrine
- *Honoured Society
- *Mammoliti 'ndrina
- *Bellocco 'ndrina
- *Cataldo 'ndrina
- *Commisso 'ndrina
- *Cordì 'ndrina
- *De Stefano 'ndrina
- *Pesce 'ndrina
- *Barbaro 'ndrina
- *Piromalli 'ndrina
- *Serraino 'ndrina
- *Siderno Group
- Camorra
- *Secondigliano Alliance
- **Licciardi clan
- **Contini clan
- **Lo Russo clan
- **Mallardo clan
- *Di Lauro Clan
- *Casalesi clan
- *Fabbrocino clan
- *Vollaro clan
- *Scissionisti di Secondigliano
- *La Torre clan
- *Polverino clan
- *Rinaldi clan
- *De Luca Bossa clan
- *Aprea-Cuccaro clan
- *Cesarano clan
- *Puca clan
- Sacra Corona Unita
- Società foggiana
- Stidda
- Mala del Brenta
- Banda della Magliana
- Mafia Capitale
- Sinti Casamonica clan
- Clan Spada di Ostia
- Milanese gangs
- *Banda della Comasina
- *Turatello crew
Balkans
- Albanian mafia
- *Kosovan mafia'
- *Albania
- **Gang of Çole
- **Gang of Gaxhai
- **Gang of Pusi i Mezinit
- **Lazarat marijuana growers
- *Rudaj Organization
- * Gang of Ismail Lika
- *Dobroshi gang
- *Naserligan
- *K-Falangen
- Bosnian mafia
- *Prazina gang
- *Bajramović gang
- *Delalić gang
- *M-Falangen
- Bulgarian mafia '
- *VIS
- *SIC
- *Karamanski gang
- *TIM
- *Naglite
- *Rashkov clan
- Serbian mafia
- *Arkan clan
- *Zemun Clan
- *Joca Amsterdam gang
- *Magaš clan
- *Giška gang
- *Pink Panthers
- *Serb mafia in Scandinavia
- **Kotur mob
- **Yugoslav Brotherhood
- Montenegrin mafia
- Macedonian mafia
- *Frankfurt mafia
- *Bajrush klan
- *Nezim klan'
- Romanian mafia
- *Băhăian organisation
Great Britain
- London
- *Adams crime family
- *The Richardson Gang
- *The Firm
- *The Syndicate
- *Comer gang
- *Buttmarsh Boys
- *Interwar era mobs
- **Messina Brothers
- **Sabini syndicate
- **Hoxton Gang
- **Elephant and Castle Mob
- **Birmingham Boys
- Essex Boys
- Manchester
- *Quality Street Gang
- *Noonan firm
- *Cheetham Hillbillies
- *The Gooch Close Gang
- Liverpool
- *Curtis Warren's drug empire
- *Whitney gang
- Aggi Crew
- Glasgow
- *McGraw firm
- *Thompson firm
- *Delta Crime Syndicate
- Brighton razor gangs
- Bestwood Cartel
Ukraine
- Ukrainian mafia
- *Donetsk Clan
- *Salem gang
- *Mukacheve cigarette smuggling syndicate
Lithuania
- Lithuanian mafia
- *Vilnius Brigade
Estonia
- Estonian mafia/Obtshak
- *Linnuvabriku group
Transnistria
- Transnistrian mafia
Other organized crime groups based in Europe
- Kurdish mafia "Aşiret"
- Turkish mafia
Australia
- Sydney
- *5T gang
- *Freeman gang
- *Lenny's gang
- *Mr Sin's gang
- *Balkan cartel
- *Razor gangs
- Melbourne
- *Carlton Crew
- *Moran family
- *Williams family
- *Pettingill family
- *Richmond gang