Earl Marischal


The title of Earl Marischal was created in the Peerage of Scotland for William Keith, the Great Marischal of Scotland.

History

The office of Marischal of Scotland had been hereditary, held by the senior member and Chief of Clan Keith, since Hervey ' de Keith, who held the office of Marischal under Malcolm IV and William I. The descendant of Herveus, Sir Robert de Keith, was confirmed in the office of Great Marischal of Scotland''' by King Robert the Bruce around 1324.
Robert de Keith's great-grandson, William, was raised to the Peerage as Earl Marischal by James II in about 1458. The peerage died out when George Keith, the 10th Earl, forfeited it by joining the Jacobite Rising of 1715.
The role of the Marischal was to serve as custodian of the Royal Regalia of Scotland, and to protect the king's person when attending parliament. The former duty was fulfilled by the 7th Earl during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, who hid them at Dunnottar Castle. The role of regulation of heraldry carried out by the English Earl Marshal is carried out in Scotland by the Lord Lyon King of Arms.
The separate office of Knight Marischal was first created for the Scottish coronation of King Charles I in 1633. The office is not heritable, although it has been held by members of the Keith family.
The title was forfeited in 1715, due to the last Earl's participation in the Jacobite Rising.

Marischals and Great Marischals of Scotland

  1. Hervey de Keith
  2. Philip de Keith, paternal grandson of Hervey de Keith, older brother of David de Keith
  3. David de Keith, paternal grandson of Hervey de Keith, younger brother of Philip de Keith
  4. Hervey de Keith, paternal nephew of David de Keith
  5. Richard de Keith
  6. David de Keith
  7. John de Keith
  8. William de Keith
  9. Sir Robert Keith
  10. Sir Robert Keith
  11. Sir Edward Keith
  12. Sir William Keith
  13. Sir Robert Keith

    Earls Marischal of Scotland (c. 1458)

  14. William Keith, 1st Earl Marischal
  15. William Keith, 2nd Earl Marischal
  16. William Keith, 3rd Earl Marischal
  17. William Keith, 4th Earl Marischal
  18. George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal
  19. William Keith, 6th Earl Marischal
  20. William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal
  21. George Keith, 8th Earl Marischal
  22. William Keith, 9th Earl Marischal
  23. George Keith, 10th Earl Marischal
Before the sequence was revised by Thomas Innes in 1927, the 1st Earl's father, William Keith, Marshall of Scotland was the first Earl, so that the final Earl was the 10th Earl Marischal.