Edward Burtynsky
Edward Burtynsky is a Canadian photographer and artist known for his large format photographs of industrial landscapes.
Early life, education, and early career
Burtynsky was born in St. Catharines, Ontario. His parents had immigrated to Canada in 1951 from Ukraine and his father found work on the production line at the local General Motors plant. Burtynsky recalls playing by the Welland Canal and watching ships pass through the locks. When he was 11, his father purchased a darkroom, including cameras and instruction manuals, from a widow whose late husband practiced amateur photography. With his father, Burtynsky learned how to make black and white prints and together with his older sister established a small business taking portraits at the local Ukrainian center. In the early 1970s, Burtynsky found work in printing and he started night classes in photography, later enrolling at the Ryerson Polytechnical Institute.From the mid-1970s to early 1980s, Burtynsky formally studied graphic arts and photography. He obtained a diploma in graphic arts from Niagara College in Welland, Ontario, in 1976, and a BAA in Photographic Arts from Ryerson Polytechnical Institute in Toronto, Ontario, in 1982.
After working in photography labs, in 1985, he established his own, Toronto Image Works, which became his main business. Thanks to a patron, he was able to take time off from that work to photograph quarries, and this was the start of his fine art photography career.
Photography
Burtynsky's most famous photographs are sweeping views of landscapes altered by industry: mine tailings, quarries, scrap piles. The grand, awe-inspiring beauty of his images is often in tension with the compromised environments they depict. He has made several excursions to China to photograph that country's industrial emergence, and construction of one of the world's largest engineering projects, the Three Gorges Dam.His early influences include Ansel Adams, Edward Weston, Eadweard Muybridge, and Carleton Watkins, whose prints he saw at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the early 1980s.
Most of Burtynsky's exhibited photography was taken with a large format, field camera, on large 4×5-inch sheet film and developed into high-resolution, large-dimension prints of various sizes and editions ranging from 18 × 22 inches to 60 × 80 inches. He often positions himself at high-vantage points over the landscape using elevated platforms, the natural topography, and more currently drones, helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. Burtynsky describes the act of taking a photograph in terms of "The Contemplated Moment", evoking and in contrast to, "The Decisive Moment" of Henri Cartier-Bresson. He currently uses a high-resolution digital medium format camera.
Photographic series
- 1983–1985 Breaking Ground: Mines, Railcuts and Homesteads, Canada, USA
- 1991–1992 Vermont Quarries, USA
- 1997–1999 Urban Mines: Metal Recycling, Canada Tire Piles, USA
- 1993–Carrara Quarries, Italy
- 1995–1996 Tailings, Canada
- 1999-2010 Oil Canada, China, Azerbaijan, USA
- 2000–Makrana Quarries, India
- 2000–2001 Shipbreaking, Bangladesh
- 2004–2006 China
- 2006–Iberia Quarries, Portugal
- 2007–Australian Mines, Western Australia
- 2009–2013 Water Canada, USA, Mexico, Europe, Asia, Iceland, India
- 2016 Salt Pans
- 2014–2018 Anthropocene
Other projects
Toronto Image Works
In 1985, Burtynsky established Toronto Image Works, a commercial photography lab, which has evolved into a facility that also offers darkroom rentals, equipment use and digital new-media courses. In 1986 the facility opened a gallery space which displays the work of local and international artists. He is currently its president.''Manufactured Landscapes''
In 2006, Burtynsky was the subject of the documentary film, Manufactured Landscapes, that was shown at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival in the World Cinema Documentary Competition.The 10,000 year Gallery
In July 2008 Burtynsky delivered a seminar for the Long Now Foundation entitled "The 10,000 year Gallery". The foundation promotes very long-term thinking and is managing various projects including the Clock of the Long Now, which is a clock designed to run for 10,000 years. Burtynsky was invited by clock designer Danny Hillis to contribute to the Long Now project, and Burtynsky proposed a gallery to accompany the clock. In his seminar, he suggested that a gallery of photographs which captured the essence of their time, like the cave paintings at Lascaux, could be curated annually and then taken down and stored. He outlined his research into a carbon-transfer process for printing photographs that would use inert stone pigments suspended in a hardened gelatine colloid and printed onto thick archival watercolour paper. He believes that these photographs would persist over the 10,000 year time-frame when stored away from moisture.''Watermark''
Burtynsky and Jennifer Baichwal, who directed the 2006 documentary Manufactured Landscapes, are co-directors of the 2013 documentary film, Watermark. The film is part of his five-year project, Water, focusing on the way water is used and managed.''Anthropocene: The Human Epoch'' and ''The Anthropocene Project''
The Anthropocene Project is a multidisciplinary body of work from collaborators Nicholas de Pencier, Burtynsky and Jennifer Baichwal. Combining art, film, virtual reality, augmented reality, and scientific research, the project investigates human influence on the state, dynamic and future of the Earth. Anthropocene means a new era of geological time where human activity is the driving force behind environmental and geological change.In September 2018 made its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival. Two complementary exhibitions also debuted in September 2018 at the Art Gallery of Ontario and National Gallery of Canada. In the Spring of 2019 the exhibition will tour to Fondazione MAST in Bologna, Italy.
Publications by Burtynsky
- Oil. Göttingen: Steidl, 2005.. Edited by Marcus Schubert. With essays by Michael Mitchell, William E. Rees, and Paul Roth. "Published in conjunction with exhibitions held at the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Oct. 3-Dec. 13, 2009 and Huis Marseille, Museum for Photography Amsterdam, Dec. 5, 2009-Feb. 28, 2010."
- China. Göttingen: Steidl. 2005.. With essays by Ted Fishman, Mark Kingwell, Marc Mayer, and Burtynsky.
- Manufactured Landscapes: The Photography of Edward Burtynsky. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: National Gallery of Canada; New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2005.. Edited by Lori Pauli. With essays by Mark Haworth-Booth and Kenneth Baker, interview by Michael Torosian.
- Quarries. Göttingen: Steidl, 2007.. With essays by Michael Mitchell, "More urgent than beauty," "Rock of Ages," "Three marble mountains," "Dying for beauty," "Buy low, sell low," and "Inverted architecture."
- Pentimento. Catalogue of an exhibition held at Flowers Central, London, 2010.
- Water. Göttingen: Steidl, 2013.. Edited by Marcus Schubert. With essays by Wade Davis and Russell Lord. "Catalog of an exhibition held at the Contemporary Arts Center, New Orleans, Oct. 5, 2013-Jan. 19, 2014."
- Essential Elements. Thames & Hudson, 2016.. With essay by William A. Ewing.
- Salt Pans. Göttingen: Steidl, 2016..
- Anthropocene. Göttingen: Steidl, 2018.. With essays by Jennifer Baichwal, Nick De Pencier, Suzaan Boettger, Jan Zalasiewicz, Colin Waters, Margaret Atwood.
Awards
- 2006: Officer of the Order of Canada
- Honorary doctorate in Laws, from Mt. Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada
- Honorary doctorate in Laws, from Queen's University, Kingston
- Honorary doctorate in Fine Arts in Photography Study from Ryerson University, Toronto
- Honorary doctorate in Fine Arts, from Montserrat College of Art, Boston
- 2005: TED Prize
- Member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.
- 2013: Geological Society of America President's Medal.
- 2013: Rogers Best Canadian Film Award at the 2013 Toronto Film Critics Association Awards for Watermark.
- 2014: Best Feature Length Documentary at the 2014 Canadian Screen Awards for Watermark.
- 2016: List of Laureates of the Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts, Canada Council, Ottawa, Canada
- 2018: Master of Photography, Photo London, London
- 2018: Peace Patron Award by The Mosaic Institute, an NGO based in Toronto working to promote pluralism reducing conflict in Canada and abroad.
- 2018: Rogers Best Canadian Film Award for at the 2018 Toronto Film Critics Association Awards
- 2018: Best Canadian Documentary Award for Anthropocene: The Human Epoch at the 2018 Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards
Collections
- Guggenheim Museum
- National Gallery of Canada
- Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris