Elisabeth (musical)
Elisabeth is a Viennese, German-language musical commissioned by the Vereinigte Bühnen Wien, with book/lyrics by Michael Kunze and music by Sylvester Levay. It portrays the life and death of Empress Elisabeth of Austria, wife of Emperor Franz Joseph I. It has been translated into seven languages and seen by over ten million spectators worldwide, making it the most successful German-language musical of all time. It has not yet been staged in the English speaking world.
Summary
The musical tells the story of Elisabeth, the Empress of Austria, from her engagement and marriage in 1854 to her murder in 1898 at the hands of the Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni, through the lens of her growing obsession with death, as her marriage and her empire crumble around her at the turn of the century.Synopsis
The show opens in the "world of the dead", where Luigi Lucheni is being interrogated by a Judge as to why he has murdered the Empress Elisabeth. Lucheni claims that he did no more than what Elisabeth herself wanted, since all her life Elisabeth has been in love with Death himself – and vice versa. As his witnesses, Lucheni brings back the dead aristocracy of the bygone era and takes us to the past, where he serves as a sarcastic narrator of the events that lead to the transformation of the sweet and innocent Sisi to the revered and infamous Elisabeth, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary, and her decline through later years until her assassination.At a young age, Sisi, grown up in a seemingly sorrowless environment, experiences her first encounter with Death, which launches a love–hate affair that will span her entire life.
Lucheni claims that once Franz Joseph, the Emperor of Austria, picks Elisabeth as his bride – for once opposing his domineering mother Sophie – he begins a chain of events that will eventually topple the Habsburg empire. Elisabeth herself very soon comes to regret her seemingly "fairy-tale marriage". She feels abandoned by her careless husband, psychologically abused by her possessive mother-in-law, and is chronically depressed due to her loneliness. There is only one thing that keeps her emotionally stimulated—the dark and sensual shadow of Death; but Elisabeth is reluctant to consummate their relationship. When Death takes her infant daughter, the tragedy shakes the young Empress extremely, but she refuses to give in to Death's sway.
After her other two children, including her only son Rudolf, are taken away by Sophie, Elisabeth calluses over and becomes cold and selfish. She flees the Austrian court and spends decades restlessly travelling all over the world, trying in vain to escape from her fear of emptiness. Eventually, Elisabeth makes peace with her husband and finds new meaning in her life when she helps unify Austria and Hungary, but her newfound purpose makes her neglect her psychologically delicate son even further, sending young Rudolf into deep depression and causing him to bond with Death.
Eventually, Rudolf's own loneliness and his father's pressure cause him to snap and he embraces Death, committing suicide at Mayerling with his mistress, Mary Vetsera. This event completely breaks down Elisabeth and she begs Death to take her. However, her scorned lover now refuses to take her in.
Another decade goes by. Elisabeth still wanders from place to place, dressed in permanent mourning. Franz Joseph visits her from time to time, begging her to return home to Vienna, firmly believing that love is the answer to all sorrows, but Elisabeth refuses, citing that sometimes love is simply not enough to cure old wounds.
Finally, in a horrifying vision of the fall of the House of Habsburg, Franz Joseph at last meets his mysterious rival. He watches as Death throws Lucheni a dagger, but crushed by the weight of his imperial crest, he is powerless to save his wife.
On September 10, 1898, while on her way to board a ship in Geneva, Empress Elisabeth of Austria is mortally wounded, stabbed in the heart with a crudely sharpened file. As she lies dying, Death comes to claim her spirit with a kiss. With their embrace, the show ends.
Principal characters
- Elisabeth, the Empress of Austria and later Queen of Hungary
- Death, the personification
- Luigi Lucheni, an anarchist and Elisabeth's assassin. The narrator of the play
- Franz Joseph, the Emperor of Austria and later King of Hungary
- Archduchess Sophie, Franz Joseph's autocratic mother
- Rudolf, Elisabeth and Franz Joseph's son
- Max, Duke in Bavaria, Elisabeth's father
- Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria, Elisabeth's mother and Sophie's sister
- Helene, Elisabeth's sister
- Countess Esterházy, the Mistress of the Household
- Count Grünne, Franz Joseph's advisor
- Cardinal Archbishop Rauscher, the head of the Roman Catholic Church in Austria
- Prince Schwarzenberg, the State Minister
- Frau Wolf, the mistress of a brothel in Vienna
Production history
Other productions have been mounted in the following countries. Current or upcoming productions are in bold:
- Japan: The Takarazuka Grand Theatre, Hyōgo
- * February 16, 1996 - current
- Japan: The Tokyo Takarazuka Theatre, Tokyo
- * June 3, 1996 - current
- Hungary: The Open-Air Theatre of Szeged, Szeged
- * August 17, 1996 - September/October 1996
- Hungary: The Operetta Theatre, Budapest
- * October 5, 1996 - January 2005
- * July 2007 -
- Hungary: The National Theatre of Miskolc
- * Autumn 1999 - April 2001
- Sweden: Musiktheatern i Värmland, Karlstad
- * September 30, 1999 - January 9, 2000
- Netherlands: Fortis Circus Theatre, Scheveningen
- * November 21, 1999 - July 22, 2001
- Japan: The Toho Company 1st version
- * June 6 - August 30, 2000 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * March 30 - April 28, 2001 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * May 3–27, 2001 – Chunichi Theater, Nagoya
- * August 3–31, 2001 – Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka
- * October 4–31, 2001 – Hakataza Theater, Fukuoka
- Germany: Colosseum Theater, Essen
- * March 22, 2001 - June 29, 2003
- Japan: The Toho Company 2nd version
- * March 6 - May 30, 2004 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * August 1–30, 2004 – Chunichi Theater, Nagoya
- * October 2–28, 2004 – Hakataza Theater, Fukuoka
- * November 3 - December 12, 2004 – Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka
- * September 1–30, 2005 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * May 3–28, 2006 – Nissay Theater, Tokyo
- * August 3–28, 2008 – Chunichi Theater, Nagoya
- * September 3–28, 2008 – Hakataza Theater, Fukuoka
- * November 3 - December 25, 2008 – Nissay Theater, Tokyo
- * January 8 - February 2, 2009 – Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka
- * August 9 - October 30, 2010 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo. Toho “Elisabeth” 10th anniversary production
- * May 9 - June 27, 2012 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * July 5–26, 2012 – Hakataza Theater, Fukuoka
- * August 3–26, 2012 – Chunichi Theater, Nagoya
- * September 1–28, 2012 – Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka
- Germany: Apollo Theater, Stuttgart
- * March 6, 2005 - September 17, 2006
- Germany: Theater des Westens, Berlin
- * April 20 - September 27, 2008
- * October 2008 - April 2010
- Italy: Miramare Castle, Trieste. Open-Air Concert Version.
- * July 21–27, 2004; July 31 - August 6, 2005
- Finland: Turun Kaupunginteatteri, Turku
- * September 23, 2005 - December 30, 2006
- Switzerland: Thunersee, Thun. Open-Air Theatre.
- * July 19 - August 30, 2006
- Japan: Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka. Original Vienna Production.
- * March 28 - April 30, 2007
- South Korea: Samsung Electronics Hall, Seoul
- * February 9 - May 13, 2012
- Austria: Raimund Theater, Vienna. Elisabeth: 20th Anniversary Revival
- * September 5, 2012 - February 1, 2014
- Japan: Elisabeth in Concert: 20th Anniversary
- * October 15–22, 2012 – Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka
- *October 26–31, 2012 – Tokyu Orb Theater, Tokyo
- South Korea:
- * July 26 - September 7, 2013 – Seoul Art Center Opera House, Seoul
- * September 14–15, 2013 – Busan Cultural Center, Busan
- * October 19–20, 2013 – Seongsan Art Hall, Changwon
- China: Shanghai Cultural Square, Shanghai
- * December 9, 2014 - January 11, 2015
- Japan: The Toho Company 3rd version
- * June 13 - August 26, 2015 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * June 28 - July 26, 2016 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * August 6 - September 4, 2016 – Hakataza Theater, Fukuoka
- * September 11–30, 2016 – Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka
- * October 8–23, 2016 – Chunichi Theater, Nagoya
- * June 7 - August 26, 2019 – Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * April 9 - May 4, 2020 - Imperial Theater, Tokyo
- * May 11 - June 2, 2020 - Umeda Arts Theater, Osaka
- * June 10–28, 2020 - Misonoza Theater, Nagoya
- * July 6 - August 3, 2020 - Hakataza Theater, Fukuoka
- South Korea: Samsung Electronics Hall, Seoul
- * June 13 - September 6, 2015
- European Tour: Germany & Austria
- * February 26 - March 22, 2015 – Essen, Germany; Colosseum Theater
- * March 26 - June 7, 2015 – Munich, Germany
- * July 7 - August 9, 2015 – Linz, Austria
- * December 16, 2015 - January 3, 2016 – Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * January 7 - February 14, 2016 – Berlin, Germany
- Netherlands: Elisabeth in Concert
- * June 12–17, 2017 – Paleis Het Loo, Apeldoorn
- * June 8–24, 2018 – Paleis Soestdijk, Baarn
- South Korea: Blue Square, Seoul
- * November 17, 2018 - February 10, 2019
- Austria: Open-air concert at Schönbrunn Palace
- * June 25–26, 2019
- * June 25–27, 2020
- * July 1–3, 2021
Song list
Act One:
- Prologue - Judge, Lucheni, Death
- Like You - Elisabeth, Max
- Lovely to Have You All Here - Ludovika, Hélène, Family
- No Coming Without Going - Death
- Black Prince - Elisabeth
- To Each He Gives His Own - Sophie, Franz-Joseph, the Court
- Things Never Happen As Planned - Lucheni, Sophie, Hélène, Elisabeth, Franz-Joseph
- Nothing is Difficult Any More - Franz-Joseph, Elisabeth
- All Questions Have Been Asked - Wedding Chorus
- She Doesn't Fit - Sophie, Max, Wedding Guests
- The Last Dance - Death
- An Empress Must Shine - Sophie, Countess Esterházy, Ladies-in-Waiting
- I Belong to Me - Elisabeth
- The First Four Years - Lucheni, Elisabeth, Sophie, Ladies-in-Waiting, Franz-Joseph, The Court, Hungarians
- The Shadows Grow Longer - Death
- The Cheerful Apocalypse - Lucheni, a Student, a Journalist, a Poet, a Bohemian, a Professor, coffeehouse patrons
- Child or Not - Sophie, Countess Esterházy, Young Rudolf
- Elisabeth, Open Up My Angel - Franz-Joseph, Elisabeth, Death
- Milk - Lucheni, the Poor
- Beauty Care - Countess Esterházy, Ladies-in-Waiting
- I Just Want to Tell You - Franz-Joseph, Elisabeth, Death
Act Two:
- Kitsch - Lucheni
- Éljen - Hungarian Crowds, Lucheni
- When I Want to Dance - Death, Elisabeth
- Mama, Where Are You? - Young Rudolf, Death
- Mama, Where Are You? - Young Rudolf, Death
- She Is Insane - Elisabeth, Miss Windisch
- Nothing, Nothing, Nothing at All - Elisabeth
- I Belong To Me - Elisabeth
- Us or Her - Sophie, The Court
- Don't Play the Prude - Madame Wolf, Lucheni, Whores
- The Last Chance - Death, Elisabeth
- Between Dream and Reality - Elisabeth
- Argument between Mother and Son - Franz Josef & Sophie
- Bellaria - Sophie
- The Restless Years - Franz-Joseph, The Court, Ladies-in-Waiting
- Hunt - A sequence referencing Elisabeth's hunting trips in Europe in the original Viennese production
- The Shadows Grow Longer - Death, Rudolf
- Argument Between Father and Son - Rudolf, Franz Joseph
- Hate - Anti-Semites & Lucheni
- Conspiracy - Rudolf, Hungarian Nationalists, Death
- Like You - Elisabeth, Max's Ghost
- If I Were Your Mirror - Rudolf, Elisabeth
- The Mayerling Waltz - Rudolf, Death, Mary Vetsera
- Rudolf, Where Are You? - Elisabeth
- No Coming Without Going - Death
- My New Assortment - Lucheni
- Ships in the Night - Elisabeth, Franz-Joseph
- On the Deck of the Sinking World - Lucheni, Death, Franz-Joseph, the Habsburgs
- The Veil Descends - Elisabeth, Death
- Closing Music - Instrumental
CD and DVD releases
VIENNA 1992 Elisabeth — original cast recording
Elisabeth: Pia Douwes, Der Tod: Uwe Kröger, Luigi Lucheni: Ethan Freeman
Producer – Jimmy Bowien
Polydor GMBH - 513 792-2
VIENNA 1996 Elisabeth — complete live recording
Elisabeth: Maya Hakvoort, Der Tod: Addo Kruizinga, Luigi Lucheni: Bruno Grassini
Polydor GMBH - 531 481-2
- On 19 and 20 January 1996, a complete live recording was made of the original Vienna run.
SCHEVENINGEN 1999 Elisabeth — original Dutch cast album
Elisabeth: Pia Douwes, De Dood: Stanley Burleson, Luigi Luicheni: Wim van den Driessche
Polydor - 543 335-2
ESSEN 2001 Elisabeth — original German cast album
Elisabeth: Pia Douwes, Der Tod: Uwe Kröger, Luigi Lucheni: Carsten Lepper
Polydor GMBH - 549 800-2
VIENNA 2004 Elisabeth — Revival cast recording
Elisabeth: Maya Hakvoort, Der Tod: Máté Kamarás, Luigi Luicheni: Serkan Kaya
HitSquad Records 6680530
VIENNA 2005 Elisabeth — complete live recording
Elisabeth: Maya Hakvoort, Der Tod: Máté Kamarás, Luigi Luicheni: Serkan Kaya, Kaiser Franz Joseph: André Bauer, Erzherzogin Sophie: Else Ludwig, Erzherzog Rudolf: Fritz Schmid
HitSquad Records 668262
- On 30 and 31 October 2005, a complete live recording of the Vienna Revival was made. A more popular item among fans is a DVD of the show recorded on these same two nights. A November 2007 release of the same live recording in widescreen spread over 2 DVDs also boasts a 1-disc companion with a short history of backstage interviews, pictures, and production videos from the last thirteen years of the musical, subtitled in English and Japanese.
- CDs and DVDs have also been released for each of the nine Japanese productions of the Takarazuka Revue since 2016, and additionally for the Japanese 10th anniversary concert in February 2006. A CD has been released for the Vienna 10th anniversary concert which was staged in 2002.