Whitehouse captained the Sheffield United youth team that reached the final of the FA Youth Cup in the 2010–11 season, only to lose to Manchester United. Top scorer for United's youth and reserve teams in 2011–12, with a total of 17 goals, Whitehouse made his first-team debut on 1 January 2013 in a 2–2 away draw against Doncaster Rovers. Having made five appearances during 2012–13, Whitehouse signed a new contract with United in June 2013. On 12 September 2013, Whitehouse joined League Two club York City on an initial one-month youth loan. He made his debut two days later in a 2–1 home defeat to Mansfield Town. On 11 October 2013, his loan was extended until 5 January 2014, having made five appearances for York. York opted against extending his loan when it expired, and he finished his spell at the club with 18 appearances. On 22 March 2014, Whitehouse joined Conference Premier club Alfreton Town on loan until the end of 2013–14, his debut coming two days later as a 64th-minute substitute in a 2–0 away defeat to FC Halifax Town. Whitehouse made four appearances for Alfreton before returning to Sheffield United at the end of the season, only to be released when his contract expired.
Notts County
On 6 August 2014, Whitehouse signed for League One club Notts County on a one-year contract, after impressing on trial by scoring three goals in pre-season. He joined Conference Premier club Nuneaton Town on 31 January 2015 on a one-month loan and debuted the following day in a 1–0 defeat away to Forest Green Rovers. He made five appearances for Nuneaton, and after returning to County scored his first goal for the club on 21 March 2015 in a 4–1 away defeat to Milton Keynes Dons. Having made eight appearances and scored one goal for County in 2014–15, he was released by the club in May 2015.
Whitehouse signed for National League club Lincoln City on 20 October 2016 for an undisclosed fee. He finished 2016–17 with 34 appearances and 6 goals as Lincoln were promoted to League Two as National League champions. Whitehouse scored the only goal as Lincoln beat Shrewsbury Town 1–0 at Wembley Stadium on 8 April in the 2018 EFL Trophy Final, with a close-range shot in the 16th minute.
Grimsby Town
Whitehouse was offered new contract by Lincoln at the end of the 2017–18 season but instead signed for their local rivals and fellow League Two club Grimsby Town on 15 June 2018 on a two-year contract. Whitehouse suffered a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament injury during pre-season training in July 2018, meaning he would miss the full 2018–19 season.
