Emni Ankelalu is a tabia or municipality in the Dogu'a Tembien district of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The tabia centre is in Mitslal Afras village, located approximately 20 km to the east of the woreda town Hagere Selam.
Geography
The tabia a hilly limestone area, along Giba River, north and away from the main road. The highest peak is Miqmat' Awra hill that occupies the centre and the lowest place at the outlet of May Qarano to Giba river.
Dominant soil type: stony, dark cracking clays with good natural fertility
Associated soil types
* rock outcrops, stony and shallow soils
* red-brownish loamy soils with good natural fertility
Inclusions
* deep, dark cracking clays on calcaric material with good fertility but poor drainage
Climate
The rainfall pattern shows a very high seasonality with 70 to 80% of the annual rain falling in July and August. Mean temperature in Mitslal Afras is 20.8 °C, oscillating between average daily minimum of 12.4 °C and maximum of 30.8 °C. The contrasts between day and night air temperatures are much larger than seasonal contrasts.
Hydrology
In this area with rains that last only for a couple of months per year, the only permanent water is in Giba river. There are hardly any springs. Hence, reservoirs of different sizes allow harvesting runoff from the rainy season for further use in the dry season. There are traditional surface water harvesting ponds, particularly in places without permanent springs, called rahaya, and also horoyo, household ponds, recently constructed through campaigns. A major change is the construction of Lake Giba, a 350 million m³ reservoir on the Giba river that will occupy the whole lower eastern side of the tabia. The reservoir is mainly intended to provide water to Mekelle. The lithology of the dam building site is Antalo Limestone. Part of its water is anticipated to be lost through seepage; the positive side-effect is that this will contribute to groundwater recharge and river baseflow in the downstream areas, which largely belong to tabiasAddi Azmera and Debre Nazret. The lower villages of Emni Ankelalu will see their environment changed from dryland to lakeshore villages.
Settlements
The tabia centre Mitslal Afras holds a few administrative offices, a health post, a primary school, and some small shops. There are a few more primary schools across the tabia. The main other populated places are:
Agriculture and livelihood
The population lives essentially from crop farming, supplemented with off-season work in nearby towns. The land is dominated by farmlands which are clearly demarcated and are cropped every year. Hence the agricultural system is a permanent upland farming system. The farmers have adapted their cropping systems to the spatio-temporal variability in rainfall.
History and culture
History
The history of the tabia is strongly confounded with the history of Tembien.
Religion and churches
Most inhabitants are Orthodox Christians. The following churches are located in the tabia:
In the main villages, there are traditional beer houses, often in unique settings, which are a good place for resting and chatting with the local people. Most renown in the tabia is Kndahafti Mezegebe's inn at Mitslal Afras.
Roads and communication
The main road Mekelle – Hagere Selam – Abiy Addi runs some kilometres south of the tabia.
Schools
Almost all children of the tabia are schooled, though in some schools there is lack of classrooms, directly related to the large intake in primary schools over the last decades. Schools in the tabia include Mitslal Afras school.
Tourism
Its mountainous nature and proximity to Mekelle makes the tabia fit for tourism.
Touristic attraction
Lake Giba
Geotouristic sites
The high variability of geological formations and the rugged topography invites for geological and geographic tourism or "geotourism". Geosites in the tabia include:
Confluence of Sulluh and Genfel rivers, inside deep gorges, called "Shugu'a Shugu'i"
May Qarano tufa dam
Exclosures
Limestone landscape
Limestone quarries
Birdwatching
can be done particularly in exclosures and forests. The following bird-watching sites have been inventoried in the tabia and mapped.
Trekking route 24 has been established in this tabia. It follows the Giba and Suluh gorges upstream along the rivers, and then continues westbound over Miqmat' Awra hill. Once the Lake Giba will be filled, it will be impossible to visit these gorges. The track is not marked on the ground but can be followed using downloaded.GPX files.
Accommodation and facilities
The facilities are very basic. One may be invited to spend the night in a rural homestead or ask permission to pitch a tent. Hotels are available in Hagere Selam and Mekelle.
More detailed information
For more details on environment, agriculture, rural sociology, hydrology, ecology, culture, etc., see the overall page on the Dogu'a Tembien district.
