Erna Raid
The Erna Raid was an annual international military exercise and competition, one of the longest and most difficult in the world, held every August since 1995 to 2011 in Estonia. It is organised by the Erna Society and commemorates the actions of the long-range reconnaissance group 'Erna' in the summer of 1941.
Background
The competition is named after the Erna long-range recce group and themed after its activities in the summer of 1941. In 1993, a group of enthusiasts followed the historical route of the Erna group of 1941, and came up with the idea of organizing a commemorative competition. A first try with only Estonian participants was held in 1994. In the autumn of 1994, the Erna society was founded, and in 1995, the first international competition was held, and has been so annually since then, growing in size and the number of participants over time.Competition
The traditional parts of the competition are:- landing, in rubber boats, onto a "hostile" shore;
- cross-country tactical movement and navigation, without night campdown, over a distance of around 150 kilometres while avoiding and escaping from "hostile" security forces;
- various minigames during the competition. These may involve grenade throwing, combat first aid and other military skills.
Due to the home advantage attributed to the intimate knowledge of the terrain by the local teams, changes to the competition were discussed in 2011.
In 2013 the competition was renamed the Admiral Pitka Recon Challenge after the Estonian War of Independence hero Johan Pitka, and is now held in different locations throughout Estonia each year.
Past results
The table below records the final results for the year's competition. It does not include retired and disqualified teams. DL is the acronym for the Defence League.Position | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | - |
1st | Scouts Battalion | DL Põlva | DL Tartu 1 | DL Tartu 2 | Reserve Officers | Reserve Officers | Scouts Bat. 1 | Scouts Bat. 2 | Finland 2 | China 2 | DL Järva | Border Guard | Border Guard | - |
2nd | Kirde KRK | Scouts Battalion | DL Tartu 2 | Reserve Officers / DL Tallinn | DL Tartu | Scouts Bat. 1 | Recce Bat. | Reserve Officers | Scouts Bat. | China 1 | Finland 2 | Norway | Kalev Inf. Bat. | - |
3rd | DL Harju 1 | DL Tartu 2 | Military Academy 2 | Kuperjanovi Single Infantry Bn | Finland 2 | Military Academy | Military Academy | Scouts Bat. 1 | DL Järva | DL Harju | Border Guard | DL Harju | DL Pärnu | - |
4th | Military Academy | Military Academy 1 | Kuperjanovi Single Inf Bn | Border Guard | Police | DL Järva | Finland 1 | Military School | Recce Bat. | Security Police | Logistics Bat. | AA Battery | China 2 | - |
5th | Border Guard | DL Järva 1 | DL Tallinn 2 | DL Tallinn 1 | DL Järva | Scouts Bat. 2 | China 2 | DL Pärnu | China 2 | Military Academy | China 2 | Logistics Bat. | Finland 1 | - |
6th | DL Järva 2 | DL Järva 2 | DL Järva 1 | Military Academy | Border Guard | DL Tartu | China 1 | DL Järva | Military Academy | DL Järva | Reserve Officers | Finland 1 | Guard Bat. | - |
7th | DL Põlva | Border Guard | Military Academy 1 | EDF Logistics Centre | Viru Bat. | Police | Air Defence Div. | Denmark 1 | Border Guard | DL Tallinn | AA Battery | Reserve Officers | DL Võru | - |
8th | DL Pärnu 2 | DL Tartu 1 | DL Põlva | DL Tartu 1 | DL Tallinn / Reserve Officers | DL Tallinn | Sweden | Finland 2 | China 1 | Lithuania | China 1 | Kalev Inf. Bat. | Denmark | - |
9th | Finland 3 | NE Territorial Defence District | DL Harju | DL Valga | Pärnu Bat. | Germany | Germany | Lithuania | Denmark | Reserve Officers | Guard Bat. | EDF HQ | DL Järva | - |
10th | DL Pärnu 1 | Kuperjanovi Inf Bn | Finland 2 | Germany | Finland 1 | Border Guard | Reserve Officers | Recce Bat. | DL Harju 2 | Scout Bat. | Security Police | Security Police | Norway 1 | - |
11th | Nth. Guard Bat. | DL Tallinn Nõmme | DL Järva 2 | DL Järva | Germany | EDF HQ | DL Järva | Logistic Bat. | DL Tallinn 2 | Border Guard | Rescue Service | Finland 2 | Military Academy | - |
12th | Finland 2 | DL Harju 1 | EDF Log Centre CS Training Centre | Viru Single Infantry Bn | DL Harju | Canada | Guard Bat. | China 2 | DL Tallinn 1 | Finland | DL Tallinn | Military Academy | Reserve Officers | - |
13th | Denmark 2 | DL Tallinn 2 | Finland 1 | Reserve Officers 2 | Scouts Bat. | Guard Bat. | DL Tartu | Air Defence Bat. | DL Võrumaa | Military School | Norway 1 | Sweden | DL Põlva | - |
14th | DL Tartu | DL Harju 2 | Border Guard | DL Pärnu | Guard Bat. | Finland 1 | Denmark 2 | Military Academy | DL Pärnumaa | DL Võrumaa | Norway 2 | Norway 2 | China 1 | - |
15th | DL Tallinn 2 | Lithuania | DL Women’s Corps Saaremaa | Lithuania | USA | Viru Bat. | DL Tallinn | Denmark 2 | DL Harju 1 | Norway 1 | Signal Bat. | DL Võru | Sweden | - |
16th | DL Järva | Belgium | DL Võru | DL Alutaguse Women’s Team | Denmark | Finland 2 | Finland 2 | China 1 | Reserve Officers | Norway 2 | Military Academy | Germany | United Kingdom | - |
17th | DL Tallinn Nõmme | DL Pärnu | Denmark 1 | Denmark 1 | Military Academy | DL Valgamaa | Scouts Bat. | DL Võru | Austria | Romania | DL Põlva | DL Tallinn | Norway 2 | - |
18th | DL Pärnu 3 | Military Academy 2 | Denmark 2 | DL Tallinn 2 | Norway 1 | USA | DL Võru | Finland 1 | Engineering School | AA Battalion | Finland 1 | Denmark 1 | Italy 2 | - |
19th | Lithuania | Sweden 1 | DL Tallinn 1 | Denmark 3 | Sweden | Denmark 1 | Denmark 1 | Sweden | Military School | Denmark 1 | Sweden | China 1 | Women's DL | - |
20th | DL Harju Männiku | DL Harju 3 | DL Women’s Corps Võru | Single Guard Bn | Women's DL | Great Britain | Pärnu Bat. | Germany | Finland 1 | Finland 2 | DL Harju | DL Järva | UK | - |
21st | DL Tallinn Kalevi | DL Alutaguse Women's Team | DL Tallinn 3 | Denmark 2 | DL Võru | Belgium | USA | Guard Bat. | Lithuania | Sweden | EDF HQ | China 2 | - | |
22nd | DL Harju 2 | Sweden 2 | USA | Norway 2 | Artillery Group | DL Pärnu | Belgium | Police | text | Denmark | Rescue Service | - | ||
23rd | Belgium | Finland 2 | Belgium | Portugal | Women's DL Võru | Belgium | DL Tallinn | Rescue Service | Italy | USA Maryland | Italy 1 | - | ||
24th | Finland 4 | Denmark | DL Women’s Corps Rapla | Denmark 3 | Women's DL Võru | Romania | Sweden | EDF HQ | United Kingdom | United Kingdom | - | |||
25th | Denmark 1 | Norway 1 | Latvia | Italy | Turkey | Guard Bat. | Rescue Service | Women's DL | Women's DL | - | ||||
26th | Prison Service | Denmark 2 | Women's DL | United Kingdom | Women's DL | Lithuania | Italy 1 | - | ||||||
27th | Finland 1 | USA | Poland | United Kingdom | Recce Battalion | - | ||||||||
28th | 1.Infantry Bde Logistics Bat | United Kingdom | United Kingdom | - | ||||||||||
29th | Georgia |
Russian accusations of glorifying Nazism
Since the competition's initiation, sectors of the Russian media claimed the competition's namesake was an attempt to glorify collaboration with Nazi Germany. In 2007, high-ranking government officials sharply criticized the competition, calling it "glamorization of Nazism" and expressing outrage over NATO members participating in the competition. Estonian officials attribute this recent development to the ongoing campaign for the Russian presidential election of 2008. Russian officials claim that commemoration of the Erna group today is part of alleged efforts by the Estonian authorities to glorify the Nazi past.An analyst of the US-based think tank Jamestown Foundation believes this view follows Soviet and post-Soviet Russia's official logic on two counts: first, that resistance to the Red Army was inherently illegitimate and conflatable with "fascism" in an occupied country or one targeted for occupation; second, that Estonia should be criticized for remembering an act of national resistance and its casualties.
Estonia's Minister of Defence, Jaak Aaviksoo called the accusations "regrettable" and recalled that the Erna group saved the lives of many civilians from the vengeful Soviet paramilitary units, and specifically pointed out cases of burning farmers alive along with their farms in Kautla.