Feres grew out of the Theotokos Kosmosoteira monastery, erected in 1152 by the sebastokratorIsaac Komnenos, a son of the Byzantine emperorAlexios I Komnenos as his residence and final resting place. At the time, the site is described as deserted and densely overgrown, and was known as Bera. The monastery, which was surrounded by a double set of walls, became the core of a larger settlement. A church dedicated to St. Prokopios was built outside the monastery walls for the local villagers. In the partition of the Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade, the pertinentia de Bira fell to the individual Crusaders' share, and came under the control of Geoffrey of Villehardouin, who sent his nephew Anseau de Courcelles to take over the monastery and his other fiefs in the region. In 1324, the Bulgarian tsarMichael Shishman invaded Byzantine Thrace and plundered up to the vicinity of Bera, but the local population fled to the fortified settlements. Bera too had by this time become a fortified town and refuge for the local peasants. In 1329/30, the area was raided by Turks. In 1335–1341, the brothers Manuel and John Asanes were held prisoners in the monastery-fortress, and were only released in 1341, when their brother-in-law John VI Kantakouzenos was proclaimed emperor at nearby Didymoteicho, beginning the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347. Kantakouzenos camped his army in the area in March 1342, but did not attack the fortress because of the presence of the monks, only for it to be seized by an opposing force under John Vatatzes. During the next winter, the fleet of the Aydınid Turks under Umur Bey anchored there, but many of its crews froze to death. John Asanes captured Bera in 1347. During the Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357, Bera was captured by the forces of John V Palaiologos in 1355. Bera was conquered by the Ottomans under Lala Shahin Pasha in the early 1370s, and by 1433, it is recorded as a town with amixed Greek and Turkish population. The fortifications had been party destroyed, and the katholikon of the monastery had been converted into a mosque. The area was taken by Bulgaria in 1913 following Balkan Wars of 1912 and 1913. In 1920, as a result of the Treaty of Neuilly and subsequent agreements, the town was given to Greece. The municipality was created in 1986 and included the settlements of Ardanio, Doriskos, Feres, Kavisos, Monastiraki and Poros. Under the Capodistrian Plan in 1997, the old communities of Peplos, Pylaia and Tryfilli joined the municipality.
Subdivisions
The municipal unit Feres is subdivided into the following communities :
