Festningen Geotope Protected Area
Festningen Geotope Protected Area is located at the outermost edge of Grønfjorden's mouth to Isfjorden on Nordenskiöld Land, Spitsbergen in Svalbard, Norway. The profile is a cliff which runs along the coast from Kapp Starostin to Festningsodden. It covers an areas of, of which is on land and in the sea. Barentsburg is the closest settlement, located away, across Grønfjorden. Festningen was protect on 26 September 2003, as part of a major expansion of the protected areas in Svalbard. The protected areas is administrated by the Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management and the Governor of Svalbard. Festningen is a traditional name given by Norwegian hunters to the area because it looked like a natural fortress.
The geotope profile consists of geological succession deposits from several hundred millions of years. It has nearly vertical layers with continual exposure from the Permian period to the Cenozoic era. The stratigraphical features were recorded during the 1910s and 1920s, and are used within geological sciences as a strategic reference profile. Fossilized footprints of an Iguanodon dinosaur, in diameter, dating from 100 million years ago, have been found at Festningen. They were long and tall. Located on a cliff, they were highly exposed to erosion; after they were found and copied, the slab fell into the sea.
