Carobbio started his career at Atalanta youth team. He was farmed to Serie B and Serie C1 teams, then jointed Varese in co-ownership bid. Carobbio returned to Atalanta in June 2002 but joined AlbinoLeffe immediately. He followed the team promoted to Serie B in summer 2003. He played his first regular Serie B season, before signed by Serie A teamReggina on 25 August 2005 in joint-ownership bid, for €600,000. He made his Serie A debut against U.C. Sampdoria, on 11 September 2005. On 25 January 2007, Genoa C.F.C. signed Carobbio from Reggina for €300,000 in 2½ year contract, he played 8 games for the Serie B third-place winner, before returned to AlbinoLeffe on 22 June 2007 from Genoa for €200,000 in 2-year contract. In August 2007 Genoa also acquired 50% registration rights of Gleison Santos from AlbinoLeffe, for €900,000, made Genoa instead had a net debt of €700,000 to AlbinoLeffe.
Bari
In June 2009, he left for Serie B champion A.S. Bari for their Serie A campaign on free transfer. But he did not played for Bari in the first three games before left on loan to Grosseto on 31 August.
Siena
In July 2010 Carobbio left for Siena along with Pedro Kamata for €500,000 each, in 3-year contract. Both players were part of Abdelkader Ghezzal's deal to Bari. He wore no.14 shirt. The team finished as the runner-up of 2010–11 Serie B and promoted. In June 2011 the co-ownership deal was terminated. Bari and Siena formed a pure exchange deal, which Nicola Belmonte, Carobbio and Kamata joined Siena outright and Ghezzal moved to Bari outright. In July 2011 he was signed by Spezia Calcio.
On 31 May 2012 he was suspended for 1 year and 8-month due to involvement in 2011–12 Italian football scandal, which Siena also terminated his contract one year earlier backdated to 2011–12 financial year. The ban already after a plea bargain with federal prosecutor. Carobbio had been questioned by the authority on 29 February 2012 and again on 10 July 2012. On 1 August 2012 Carobbio was banned for 4 more months due to the further investigation from Cremona authority. During the investigations, Carobbio accused Antonio Conte, by-then Siena coach, of failure to report match-fixing, an accusation that would lead to Conte being tried and banned from footballing activities for an eventual sentence of four months. Carobbio's ban was extended again on 3 August 2012 due to the investigation from Bari authority to 26 months.
