Finnerty is a surname of Irish origin. It literally means "Fair snow". The Celtic version of the name "Finnerty" is "Fionnachta" or "O' Fionnachta"; "Fionnachta" is a composite of two Celtic words: Fionn and Sneachta; Fionn in Celtic means "fair" - as in shade of white, and Sneachta means "snow"; "Fionn-Sneachta" was a man or a woman with snow-white hair, or snow-white skin: or possibly both. It seems people of such appearance were greatly revered by the ancient Celts. Similarly for people with snow-white skin and red hair; and Queen Meave of Connacht - who the ancient Celts believed was a goddess – is thought to be one such person. There is a very similar Celtic word to "Fionnachta" spelled "Fionnachtaí"; and the English meanings given are "discoverer" and "inventor". Whether or not there is any substantial relationship between the origins of these two words is not known. When Ireland came fully under English control all, or almost all, Celtic family names were forced through a very "rough and ready, any old way will do" translation process which was highly distorting: often to an extent which meant the end result was completely meaningless in all languages. In this hit-or-miss way, busy English scribes – who would have had no knowledge of Celtic languages – quickly wrote down place names on maps, and drew up lists of tenants' names etc., based on what they heard and what was easiest for them to pronounce. Under these circumstances, Ó Fionnachta was transformed into Finnerty by one scribe, to O'Finaghty or Finaghty by another, and so on. Some of the other variations we know of include: O'Fenaghty, Fenaughty, Finaughity, Feenaghty, Fennaghty, Fennaughty, Finerty, Finnearty, O'Finnearty, Finnarty, Fennerty, Fenerty, Fenety, Fenarty, and Finnesty. Had the English scribes been more accurate then, "Ó Fionnachta" would probably have been translated to "Fairsnow", or "Snowfair". The earliest written recorded reference regarding a permanent Finnerty "birth place" appears in the "Annals of the Four Masters" ; and it very firmly links the Ó Fionnachta family with an ancient fortress where Donamon Castle which stands approximately 10 miles due west of Roscommon town. The site on which Donamon Castle now stands is believed to be one of the very oldest and longest inhabited sites in Ireland. There are further references linking "Fionn Sneachta" kings to Ulster, Rathcrogan, and Tara. According to Annals of the Four Masters, the first "Fionn Sneachta" King of Ireland reigned from 1277 to 1257 BC. Notable people with the surname Finnerty:
