Five Great Kilns


The Five Great Kilns, also known as Five Famous Kilns, is a generic term for ceramic kilns or wares which produced Chinese ceramics during the Song dynasty that were later held in particularly high esteem. The group were only so called by much later writers, and of the five, only two seem to have produced wares directly ordered by the Imperial court, though all can be of very high quality. All were imitated later, often with considerable success.
All except Ding ware made celadon, and in Western terms the celadon kilns are stoneware, rather than the Ding early porcelain. The celadons placed great emphasis on elegant forms, and their ceramic glazes, and were otherwise lightly decorated, with no painting.
The five kilns produced respectively:
Although the group and name is generally said in books to have been a coinage by Chinese writers from the Ming or Qing dynasties, a recent paper analysing the main Chinese scholars suggests the modern number and selection of "great kilns", as given here, in fact only dates back to the mid-20th century, with various numbers and other kilns often found in previous writers. In particular, the semi-mythical Chai ware, and Longquan celadon often feature in earlier groupings, and Jun ware is often omitted.