Diendéré is suspected of having been directly involved in the October 1987 coup that resulted in the death of Thomas Sankara and installed Blaise Compaoré in power. Diendéré was commander of the national commando training center in Pô at the time of the coup, and all known assailants were identified by the sole survivor of the assault, Alouna Traoré, as having served directly under Diendéré. During Compaoré's 27 years in power, Diendéré was considered one of his key allies in the military, serving as chief of staff and head of the elite Regiment of Presidential Security, although he was also viewed as a shadowy figure. In late 2014, following the ouster of President Compaoré, Diendéré was dismissed from his military leadership posts by the transitional authorities. Although he no longer headed the RSP, he remained closely linked to it during the events of 2015, in which the RSP found itself at odds with the transitional authorities, which wanted to disband it. Members of the RSP launched a coup on 16 September 2015, detaining President Michel Kafando and Prime MinisterIsaac Zida. On 17 September, Diendéré was appointed as Chairman of the National Council for Democracy, the new military junta. However, the junta failed to consolidate its authority across the country and faced pressure from regional leaders, and eventually from the regular army. On 22 September the RSP agreed to a deal with the regular military requiring that all RSP troops return to their base. On 23 Septemberinterim President Kafando was restored to office. Diendéré admitted that the coup was a "waste of time and resources... and human lives were lost". A meeting between Diendéré and several West African leaders occurred after a ceremony celebrating Kafando's return. The government dissolved the RSP on 25 September 2015, and on 26 September it froze the assets of Diendéré and others associated with the coup. After the army assaulted and captured the RSP's base, Diendéré fled to the Vatican embassy. The government assured the Vatican that Diendéré would not be killed, and he was turned over and taken into custody by the government on 1 October, escorted by former President Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo. In addition to facing prosecution for the coup, Diendéré was also charged with involvement in Sankara's death.
