Bull market: a period of generally rising prices. See Market trend.
Closing print: a report of the final prices for the day on a stock exchange.
Fill or kill or FOK: "an order to buy or sell a stock that must be executed immediately"—a few seconds, customarily—in its entirety; otherwise, the entire order is cancelled; no partial fulfillments are allowed.
Greenshoe: A special arrangement in a share offering, for example an IPO, which enables the investment bank representing the underwriters to support the share price after the offering without putting their own capital at risk.
*Reverse greenshoe: a special provision in an IPO prospectus, which allows underwriters to sell shares back to the issuer.
Immediate or cancel, IOC, or accept order: "an order to buy or sell a stock that must be executed immediately"; if the entire order is not available at that moment for purchase a partial fulfillment is possible, but any portion of an IOC order that cannot be filled immediately is cancelled, eliminating the need for manual cancellation.
Market trend: the tendency of financial markets to move in a particular direction over time.
Public float or Free float: the portion of shares of a corporation that are in the hands of public investors as opposed to locked-in stock held by promoters, company officers, controlling-interest investors, or government.
Pump and dump or P&D: a form of securities fraud that involves artificially inflating the price of an owned stock through false and misleading positive statements, in order to sell the cheaply purchased stock at a higher price.
Runoff or run-off: the period at the end of a stock market trading session originally reserved for printing end-of-trading share prices and values onto ticker tape; now used to describe trades at the end of a session that may not be announced or reported until the start of the next session.
Stub: the stock representing the remaining equity in a corporation left over after a major cash or security distribution from a buyout, a spin-out, a demerger or some other form of restructuring removes most of the company's operations from the parent corporation.
Theoretical ex-rights price: a situation where the stock and the right attached to the stock is separated.
Two-tier tender offer: an offer to purchase a sufficient number of stockholders' shares so as to gain effective control of a firm at a certain price per share, followed by a lower offer at a later date for the remaining shares.
Variable prepaid forward contract: an investment strategy that allows a shareholder with a concentrated stock holding to generate liquidity for diversification or other purposes.
Widow-and-orphan stock: a stock that reliably provides a regular dividend while also yielding a slow but steady rise in market value over the long term.
Witching hour: the last hour of stock trading between 3 pm and 4 pm EST, which can be characterized by higher-than-average volatility.
Yellow strip price or Touch price: in the UK stock market, the highest bid price or lowest offer price, shown on the SEAQ or SETS screen in a yellow strip.
