Grand Gulf, Mississippi


Grand Gulf is a ghost town in Claiborne County, Mississippi, United States.

History

Grand Gulf was named for the large whirlpool,, formed by the Mississippi River flowing against a large rocky bluff. La Salle and Zadok Cramer commented on the dangers caused by the eddies at Grand Gulf. The British and Spanish created settlements in the area and it continued to grow after the land became part of the United States. The community of Grand Gulf was incorporated in 1833. Cotton from Copiah, Hinds, and Claiborne County was shipped from Grand Gulf, and it served as the shipping point for Port Gibson. By 1835, Grand Gulf handled more cotton than any other city in Mississippi except Natchez and Vicksburg. A railroad was built to connect Grand Gulf to Port Gibson. By 1854, Grand Gulf was home to almost 1,000 citizens, had two churches, a town hall, a hospital, theater, cotton press, saw mill, and grist mill.
Grand Gulf was devastated by multiple yellow fever epidemics, and was even reported on as far away as Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
A newspaper, The Grand Gulf Advertiser, was published in Grand Gulf.
A post office operated under the name Grand Gulf from 1829 to 1932.

Civil War

During the American Civil War, Grand Gulf was the site of multiple encounters. In 1862, Admiral David Farragut attempted to take a fleet of Union gunboats past Grand Gulf to attack Vicksburg. He was harassed by guerillas shooting from Grand Gulf, which caused General Thomas Williams to attempt to burn the town. The local citizens convinced him that the gunfire did not come from citizens of the town and it was spared. Even so, the town was burned by Union forces a few weeks later. During Ulysses S. Grant's Vicksburg Campaign, Confederate forces during the Battle of Grand Gulf repelled his invasion fleet and did not let his forces pass north on the Mississippi River. Grant then took his forces south to Bruinsburg, fought the Battle of Port Gibson, and marched to Vicksburg.

Decline

After the Civil War, Grand Gulf's population continued to decline. The Mississippi River slowly shifted westward and the town soon became landlocked. By 1900, Grand Gulf only had a population of 150.

Today

The Grand Gulf Military State Park contains a museum with artifacts from the battle and multiple interpretive exhibits, along with the earth works from Forts Wade and Cobun.
Grand Gulf is the location of the Grand Gulf Nuclear Station, which after an upgrade in 2012, is the largest single-unit nuclear power plant in the country and fifth largest in the world.
The Grand Gulf Mound, an Early Marksville culture archaeological site, is also located near Grand Gulf.