Duncan recognized the Upper Zambezi zebra. Groves and Bell came to the conclusion that the zebras from West Zambia and Malawi cannot be distinguished cranially and that they differ only slightly from other northern plains zebras. The rather minor size difference does not justify a separate subspecific status for the Upper Zambezi zebra. Therefore, they combine these zebras with Grant's zebra.
Characteristics
This northern subspecies is vertically striped in front, horizontally on the back legs, and diagonally on the rump and hind flanks. Shadow stripes are absent or only poorly expressed. The stripes, as well as the inner spaces, are broad and well defined. Northerly specimens may lack a mane. Grant’s zebras grow to be about tall, and generally weigh about. The zebras live in family groups of up to 18 zebras, and they are led by a single stallion. Grant’s zebras typically live 20 years.
Regional extinctions
Recent civil wars in the Congo, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Uganda have caused dramatic declines in all wildlife populations, including those of Grant’s zebra. It is now extinct in Burundi. Civil war in Angola during much of the past25 years has devastated its wildlife populations, including its once-abundant plains zebra, and destroyed the national parks administration and infrastructure. Consequently, Grant's zebra is probably extinct or nearly so in Angola, although confirmation will have to wait until future surveys are conducted. More Grant’s zebras are in the wild than any other species or subspecies of zebras. Unlike Grevy and mountain zebras, they are not endangered. Grant’s zebras eat the coarse grasses that grow on the African plains, and they are resistant to diseases that often kill cattle, so the zebras do well in the African savannas. However, recent civil wars and political conflicts in the African countries near their habitats has caused regional extinction, and sometimes zebras are killed for their coats, or to eliminate competition with domestic livestock.
Controversial Burchell's zebra introductions in Grant's zebra historical range
From 2001 until 2016 the Kissama Foundation reintroduced wildlife in the Kissama National Park of Angola. The project was dubbed Operation Noah's Arc.Amongst the animals such as blue wildebeest, Waterbuck, Cape giraffe, Bush elephants, Oryx Gemsbok, Livingstone eland, Nyala and Ostrich where also Burchells zebras. And from 2017 until 2019 Wildlifevetsnamibia exported wildlife to the Democratic Republic of the Congo's capital city Kinshasa to introduce animals in Parc de la Vallée de la Nsele in partnership with Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature Amongst the animals where Golden Oryx Gemsbok, Impala, Blue Wildebeest, Kafue Lechwe, Nyala, Blesbok, Red Hartebeest, Southern White Rhino, Angolan Giraffe, Bush elephants and Burchell's zebras. Both introductions in west Angola and west DRC are controversial since the park service bodies from both countries did not opt to buy the native Grant's Zebra from for example countries as Zambia, Tanzania or Kenya. In northwest and northeast of Angola the Grant's zebra is extinct. But a small population remains in the DRC's Upemba National Park. The DRC has now two different subspecies populations.
Habitat
is pretty good and an ideal place for Zebras. These interesting animals prefer living in savanna woodlands and grasslands without trees. They cannot be found in deserts, wetlands, or rainforests. The mountain variety lives in rocky mountainous areas. Unfortunately, the availability of habitat for all zebras is shrinking, resulting in population decline.
Diet
Zebras are exclusively herbivorous, meaning that they only eat plants. Their diet is almost entirely made up of grasses, but they also eat leaves, bark, shrubs, and more. They spend most of their time grazing on grasses, and then regurgitating and re-chewing those grasses, called “cud.”
Behavior
Grant's Zebras like many other Zebras are highly social creatures and different species have different social structures. In some species, one stallion guards a harem of females, while other species remain in groups, but do not form strong social bonds. They can frequently change herd structure, and will change companions every few months.
Reproduction
Female zebras can have one calf per year. Their gestation period is around 360 – 395 days long, depending on the species. The mother will protect her calf, and it can stand, walk, and run shortly after birth. This is especially important, as calves are vulnerable to predators. Calves will nurse from their mother for up to one year before being weaned.
