Green hosting or eco-friendly hosting is Internet hosting which involves green technologies to reduce environmental impact. Green hosting includes Carbon offsetting, powering a data center directly with renewable energy, planting trees, plants and grass around and over Data Centers and more day-to-day activities such as energy conservation and the use of energy saving appliances. Green hosting utilizes green marketing which focuses on green consumers and their concern about the environment. Adoption of green hosting was initially very slow in the early 2000s, largely because many of the first hosting companies to offer the service were doing so at a price premium. Moreover, awareness amongst consumers about the environmental impacts of hosting was at best limited. Today though, the market has changed dramatically, with many hosting companies offering green services at no extra cost. Consumer awareness has also increased. A recent study of 543 US adults found that more than 60 percent of people are swayed to purchase from an online shop if the website explicitly claims to use green energy. Seventy-eight percent of consumers say that the environmental practices of online shops are important to them and over 70 percent believe that using a green hosting provider is a valid and acceptable way for a website to put across its 'green' image. World Internet usage statistics show that the Internet is still rapidly growing in the U.S. and growing from 400 to 1000% a year, worldwide. In fact, in 2005, Jonathan Koomey reported that the total electric bill to operate those servers and related infrastructure equipment was $2.7 billion in the United States and $7.2 billion worldwide. a web server on average produces more than 630 kg of and consumes 1,000 KWh of energy annually. A green host on the other hand, theoretically produces zero. It is estimated that if energy consumption due to web hosting keeps raising at the current rate by 2020 the industry will be polluting the planet more than the airline industry. With so much demand on resources, eco-friendly hosting services have emerged. The percentage of electricity consumption varies between organizations, but the Department of Energy estimates that 10 percent of the federal government’s electricity use goes to data centers. A green organization doesn't necessarily have to have access to green power from wind, water, or solar energy, they can also purchase green certificates to offset the use and cost of conventional energy. Hosting sites that contain a Green-E certification labels are organizations that voluntarily adhere to strict environmental guidelines.Other recognized certificates which are regularly used in the web hosting industry include The Gold Standard, Green Power Partnership, VCS and Climate Action Reserve. A hosting organization or any organization can reduce their environmental impact by:
Using low-voltage computer equipment
Augmenting active cooling with outside air during mild weather
Improving airflow through servers which would allow operators to use higher cooling temperatures
Upgrading Computer Room Air Conditioners and other HVAC components with more efficient units
Isolating cold air from hot air produced by the servers to improve loading of the HVAC equipment
Contributing to other Green organizations that promote energy efficiency and conservation, renewable energy, or sustainable practices.
The Green Web Foundation was set up to collect information on web hosting powered by renewable energy. By adding a domain name to the anyone can determine if a website is using known green hosting.
