Gross operating surplus


In the national accounts, gross operating surplus is the portion of income derived from production by incorporated enterprises that is earned by the capital factor. It is calculated as a balancing item in the generation of income account of the national accounts.
It differs from profits shown in company accounts for several reasons. Only a subset of total costs are subtracted from gross output to calculate the GOS. Essentially GOS is gross output less the cost of intermediate goods and services, and less compensation of employees. It is gross because it makes no allowance for depreciation of capital.
A similar concept for unincorporated enterprises is gross mixed income. Since in most such cases it is difficult to distinguish between income from labour and income from capital, the balancing item in the generation of income account is "mixed" by including both, the remuneration of the capital and labour used in production.
Gross operating surplus and gross mixed income are used to calculate GDP using the income method.

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