Incorporated in 1979 as a petrochemical company, GSPC has a wide gamut of hydrocarbon activities. In 1992, GSPC widened the scope of its activities and rechristened itself as Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation in 1994. With the Government of India's decision to privatize the hydrocarbon sector, GSPC acquired several discovered fields in the first and second rounds of bidding process initiated by the Government of India during 1994 and 1995. The company saw a great transformation from the year 2001, when DJ Pandian was appointed the managing director. The public sector company's activities have become controversial, with the CAG indicting the company on many counts.
;Gas Gujarat State Petronet Limited is a natural gas transmission company. It has 2239 km long gas pipeline network in Gujarat. Gujarat Gas is natural gas distribution company which is India's largest city gas distribution company. GSPL India Gasnet Limited and GSPL India Transco Limited are join ventures promoted by GSPL along with Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited for the purpose of implementation of 2100 km pipeline passing through Mehsana - Bhatinda - Jammu - Srinagar and another 2042 km pipeline passing through Mallavarm - Bhopal - Bhilwara - Vijaipur respectively. Sabarmati Gas Limited was incorporated in 2006 for developing gas distribution network in 3 districts; Gandhinagar, Mehsana and Sabarkantha. GSPL, GSPC and BPCL holds another 25.0% and Institutional Investors together hold rest of the company. GSPC LNG Limited holds stake in the 5.0 million tonnes per year LNG terminal at Mundra which shall be commissioned in 2020. ;Power generation Gujarat State Energy Generation is a company for power generation in Gujarat which operate Haziara Gas Powerplant commissioned in 2002. GSPC PipavavPower Company is a company for implementation of a power project at Pipavav in Saurashtra region of Gujarat. It is jointly held by Gujarat Power Corporation Ltd. of Gujarat Government. ;IT Guj Info Petro Ltd. provides IT and telecommunication services. ;Education The Gujarat Energy Research and Management Institute is an institution for energy education, training and research.