Haldimand County
Haldimand County is a rural city-status single-tier municipality on the Niagara Peninsula in Southern Ontario, Canada, on the north shore of Lake Erie, and on the Grand River. Municipal offices are located in Cayuga.
The county is adjacent to Norfolk County, the County of Brant, the City of Hamilton, and the Regional Municipality of Niagara.
History
Haldimand's history has been closely associated with that of neighbouring Norfolk County. When Upper Canada was created in 1791 by being separated from the rest of Quebec, four districts were created. Haldimand became part of Home District which ran roughly from what is Oshawa to Niagara Falls to-day. In 1849 the districts were abolished and counties were created, including Haldimand County. It was named after the governor of the Province of Quebec Sir Frederick Haldimand who held that post from 1778 to 1785. In 1844 the land was surrendered by Six Nations to the Crown in an agreement that was signed by the vast majority of Chiefs in the Haldimand tract. From 1974 to 2000, Haldimand County and Norfolk County were merged to form the Regional Municipality of Haldimand-Norfolk. See Norfolk County History for the period when Haldimand and Norfolk were governed as a single unit.Beginning in February 2006, a land dispute by native protesters began near Caledonia over a housing development being built on the outskirts of town, which members of the nearby Mohawk Six Nations people claim is rightfully their land.
Communities
The population centres in Haldimand are Caledonia, Dunnville, Hagersville, Jarvis and Cayuga. Part of the Six Nations Reserve is within the geographic area of Haldimand County, but is independent of the county. Most of Haldimand is agricultural land, although some heavy industry, including the Nanticoke Generating Station, is located here.Smaller communities within the municipality are Attercliffe Station, Balmoral, Bodri Bay, Brookers Bay, Byng, Canborough, Canfield, Cheapside, Clanbrassil, Crescent Bay, Decewsville, Empire Corners, Featherstone Point, Fisherville, Garnet, Hoover Point, Kohler, Little Buffalo, Lowbanks, Moulton Station, Mount Carmel, Mount Healy, Nanticoke, Nelles Corners, Peacock Point, Port Maitland, Rainham Centre, Selkirk, Sims Lock, South Cayuga, Springvale, Stromness, Sweets Corners, Townsend, Willow Grove, Woodlawn Park and York.
The ghost towns of Cook's Station, Cranston, Dufferin, Erie, Indiana Lambs Corners, Lythmore, Sandusk, Upper, Varency, are also located within Haldimand.
Historic townships
Haldimand County's area of 309,300 acres was formed from part of the land grant to the Six Nations in 1783. The County was purchased by treaty and opened for general settlement in 1832. It was first settled by white veterans of Butler's Rangers established there by Joseph Brant. A large number of Germans were among the first settlers.- Canborough, area. Granted in 1794 by Joseph Brant to John Dochstader of Butler's Rangers. Purchased by Benjamin Canby in 1810 for 5,000, he named the village-site "Canborough. Community centre: Canborough, Darling and it touches Dunnville
- Dunn, area. Opened for settlement in 1833. Community centre: Dunnville
- Moulton, area. Landowner Henry John Boulton named the township from the Boulton family seat in England.
- North Cayuga, area.
- Oneida, area. Joseph Brant granted a 999 year lease of part of Oneida and Seneca townships to Henry Nelles, of Butler's Rangers and his sons, Robert, Abraham, William, Warner and John. Community centres were: Caledonia, Dufferin and Hagersville.
- Rainham, area Community centres: Balmoral, Selkirk, Rainham Centre and Fisherville.
- Seneca, area. Community centres: York and Caledonia
- Sherbrooke, area, the smallest township in Ontario. Opened in 1825 and named from Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, a Governor-General of Canada. The Township was granted by the Indians to William Dickson as a professional fee. Community centres: Stromness and Port Maitland.
- South Cayuga, area.
- Walpole, area. Community centres were: Hagersville, Jarvis, Selkirk, Cheapside and Nanticoke.
Demographics
Ethnocultural statistics
Only ethnic groups that comprise greater than 1% of the population are included. Note that a person can report more than one group.- English: 37.4%
- "Canadian": 32.7%
- Scottish: 24.9%
- Irish: 20.1%
- German: 18.4%
- Dutch: 13.4%
- French: 8.6%
- Italian: 4.4%
- Aboriginal: 3.3%
- Ukrainian: 2.7%
- Polish: 2.7%
- Hungarian: 2.4%
- Welsh: 2.0%
- British Isles : 1.7%
- Portuguese: 1.3%
Local government
Current Mayor: Ken Hewitt
Previous Mayors:
- 2004–2010: Marie Trainer
- 2000–2004: Lorraine Bergstrand
Policing
Fire services
Fire services in the county is provided by the Haldimand County Fire Department which was created in 2001 following the separation of Haldimand and Norfolk. The department currently consists of 11 stations located strategically throughout the county. With almost 300 firefighters and 40 fire apparatuses, it is one of the largest volunteer fire departments in Ontario. The department consists of;- Station 1 – Caledonia
- Station 2 – Hagersville
- Station 3 – Jarvis
- Station 4 – Cayuga
- Station 5 – Canfield
- Station 6 – Canborough
- Station 7 – Lowbanks
- Station 9 – Dunnville
- Station 11 – South Haldimand
- Station 12 – Fisherville
- Station 13 – Selkirk
Transportation
Protected areas
- Haldimand Conservation Area
- Selkirk Provincial Park
- Taquanyah Conservation Area
- Hedley Forest Conservation Area
- Canborough Conservation Area
- Ruigrok Tract Conservation Area
- Oswego Conservation Area
- Byng Island Conservation Area
- Rock Point Provincial Park
- Mohawk Island National Wildlife Area
Attractions
- Port Maitland Outer Range Lighthouse and Pier
- Canadian Heritage Grand River
- Grand Valley Trail
- Toronto Motorsports Park
- Ruthven Park National Historic Site Mansion and Park
- Haldimand County Museum & Archives
- Jukasa Motor Speedway
- Grand River Dinner Cruises
- Edinburgh Square Heritage Centre
- Killman Zoo
- Cottonwood Mansion
- Caledonia Grand Trunk Station
- The Wilson Pugsley MacDonald Museum is a National Historic Site of Canada on the Canadian Register of Historic Places. The Museum was named in honour of Wilson MacDonald
- No. 6 RCAF Dunnville Museum
- Canadian Drilling Rig Museum
- Caledonia Old Mill
- Byng Island Conservation Area and Pool
- Mohawk Island Lighthouse
- Townsend Planned Community
- Nanticoke Generating Station
Notable people
- Birthplace of Canadian Olympic high jump medalist Ethel Catherwood.
- Birthplace of Canadian Women's Hockey Gold Medalist Becky Kellar-Duke
- Boston Bruins' Nathan Horton, who won the Stanley Cup in 2011
- San Jose Sharks Head Coach Peter DeBoer
- Edmonton Oilers goaltender Cam Talbot
- Chicago Blackhawks goaltender Ray Emery, who won Stanley Cup in 2013
- Marty McSorley, retired NHL player
- Peter Robertson, inventor of the Robertson screw