Haneullim


Haneullim or Haneulnim, also spelled Hanunim, birth name Hwanin, also called Sangje also known simply as Haneul or Cheon, or Cheon-sin/ Cheon-shin, is the sky God of Cheondoism and Jeungsanism.

Dangun myth

Dangun is traditionally considered to be the grandson of Hwanin, the "Heavenly King", and founder of the Korean nation. Myths similar to that of Dangun are found in Ainu and Siberian cultures.
The myth starts with prince Hwanung, son of Hwanin. The prince asked his father to grant him governance over Korea. Hwanin accepted, and Hwanung was sent to Earth bearing three Heavenly Seals and accompanied by three thousand followers. The prince arrived under the Sindansu/ Shindansu on the holy mountain, where he founded his holy city.
At the time of his reign, Ungnyeo or Ungnye —who was a bear—and a tiger were living in a cave near the holy city, praying earnestly that their wish to become part of humankind might be fulfilled. Ungnyeo patiently endured weariness and hunger, and after twenty-one days she was transformed into a woman, while the tiger ran away for it could not tolerate the effort. The woman Ungnyeo was overjoyed, and visiting the sandalwood city she prayed that she might become the mother of a child.
Ungnye's wish was fulfilled, so that she became the queen and gave birth to a prince who was given the royal name of Dangun, the "Sandalwood King". Dangun reigned as the first human king of Korea, giving to his kingdom the name of Joseon, "Land of the Morning Calm", in 2333 BC.
According to some scholars, the name Dangun is related to the Siberian Tengri, while the bear is a symbol of the Big Dipper, itself a symbol of the supreme God in many Eurasian cultures, including Chinese theological thought. Later in the myth, Dangun becomes the Sansin, the "Mountain God".

Kingdom of Hwanin

In the Hwandan Gogi, a supposed 20th century compilation of older historical works that is regarded by many to be a forgery, described Gojoseon to have existed and formed in Hwan-guk and Baedal-guk. It is said that both nations were ruled by Hwan-in and Hwan-ung, each spanning from 7 rulers and 18 rulers respectively.

Establishment of the Nation

According to Hwandan Gogi, Hwan-in transformed himself from the sky of Sabaek-nyeok/ Sabaek-ryeok to become a god, and with him, 800 young men and women descended from the sky to the eastern land of the shallow sea, which is the land of Heuk-su and Baek-san. Some claims the area of Sabaek-nyeok/ Sabaek-ryeok is Siberia, and the shallow sea is Lake Baikal.

The 12 Federations

According to Hwandan Gogi, apart the Kingdom of Hwan , the nation is a federal state based on a nomadic culture composed each of the 11 countries:
1) Kingdom of Biri,
2) Kingdom of Yang-un,
3) Kingdom of Gumak-han,
4) Kingdom of Gudacheon,
5) Kingdom of Il-gun,
6) Kingdom of Uru or either the Kingdom of Pilna,
7) Kingdom of Gaek-hyeon-han,
8) Kingdom of Gumo-aek,
9) Kingdom of Mae-gu-yeo or either the Kingdom of Jikkuda,
10) Kingdom of Sanapa/ Sanaba,
11) Kingdom of Seonbi/ Seombi.
Its territory is so vast that it is said to be 50,000 li from north and south and 20,000 li from east and west on record.

Dynasty of ''Hwanin''

According to Hwandan Gogi, the Kingdom of Hwan, the period lasted for either 3,301 years to 63,182 years during in this dynasty of kings, seven in total.
The following rulers of the dynasty is dominantly ancient Korean in nature:
Annal/ GenerationKing Name in HanjaKing Name in HangulTitle Transliterated Name
Remarks
1安巴堅안파견안파견 환인Anpa-gyeon/ Ampa-gyeon Hwan-in
2赫胥혁서혁서 환인Hyeok-seo Hwan-in
3古是利고시리고시리 환인Goshiri Hwan-in
4朱于襄주우양주우양 환인Ju-u-yang Hwan-in
5釋提壬석제임석제임 환인Seok-je-im Hwan-in
6邱乙利구을리구을리 환인Gu-eulli Hwan-in
7智爲利지위리지위리 환인Jiwiri Hwan-inalso known as Hwan-in, father of Hwan-ung