Hanshin Main Line


The Hanshin Main Line is a railway line operated by the private railway company Hanshin Electric Railway in Japan. It connects the two cities of Osaka and Kobe, between and stations respectively.

Outline

The Main Line of Hanshin is the southernmost railway to connect Osaka and Kobe. The other two lines, from south to north, are the West Japan Railway Company‘s Tōkaidō Main Line, and the Hankyu Railway's Kobe Main Line.
For nearly a century, the line served as a primary competitor to the Hankyū Kobe Line. However, in 2006, Hanshin and Hankyū were subsidiarized under a single share holding company, Hankyu Hanshin Holdings.

History

The Main Line started operation on April 12, 1905, by the company. The company found a solution to construct a competing line to the then JNR owned Kobe Line using a loophole in the Tram Act, allowing large portions of the line to be built using street running. It became the first interurban in Japan. This inspired other railways such as Keihan Electric Railway, Minoo Arima Electric Tramway, Osaka Electric Tramway, Keihin Electric Railway to built their first lines in a similar fashion.
Then another competing railway company, Hankyū, opened the Kobe Main Line in 1920. The Kobe Main Line was designed as a faster electric mainline railway, and in response Hanshin began upgrading its interurban mainline to become more railway like. Operations included realigning and grade separating street running portions, using high platforms, and introducing express trains.
In 1968 Kobe Rapid Railway opened its Tōzai Line, and Hanshin began through operations to of Sanyo Electric Railway via Kobe Rapid.
Through limited express trains to were introduced in 2001. Then, the Hanshin Namba Line was extended to, a major junction in southern Osaka. The company announced through trains from Kobe-Sannomiya to in Nara on Kintetsu Nara Line would be operated.

Former connecting lines

Some trains run through the Sanyō Railway Main Line to Sanyō Himeji Station in Himeji, Hyōgo beyond Motomachi terminal via Kobe Rapid Railway.
The Main Line operates eight types of trains, one of the most types among Japanese railways. This is in some part to equalize the load of each train especially in the morning for Osaka with short length of EMU length and with few tracks. For the extension of the Hanshin Namba Line, from Nishikujo to Osaka Namba, on March 20, 2009, the diagrams of the Hanshin Railway were revised.
;Local
;Express
;Regional Express
;Rapid Express
;Hanshin Limited Express
;Direct Limited Express
;Regional Limited Express

Stations

The Main Line, having 39 stations, is noted for its "high density" of stations. In comparison, Kobe-Sannomiya Station is the 16th station on the Hankyū Kobe Main Line from Umeda Station and Motomachi Station is the 15th station on the JR Kobe Line from Osaka Station.
For connections and distances, see the route diagram.