Before the railroad was built through Lincoln County, a stagecoach brought mail to the Johnson Harris Homestead located on Nine Mile Creek in Dayton Township. Johnson Harris named the post office Harrisburg in honor of himself. The history of Harrisburg started August 1, 1879, when the first train came rolling through the territory. The train went from Sioux City, Iowa, to Sioux Falls, South Dakota. The post office was moved to the Emory J. Darling Homestead, 1 mile south of what is now Harrisburg. The post office was called Salina in honor of Mrs. Jim Stillwell, an early settler and a highly respected teacher. Finally in 1890, the depot was moved to its present site. The post office took back its original name and the town of Harrisburg was born. One of the many early businesses in Harrisburg was the State Bank circa 1901–1945. The bank's building is still located in its original spot at 101 Railroad Ave. The bank itself was built in 1899 and completely restored in 2006 by its current owner RISE, Inc. is a construction management/structural engineering firm. Much mystery surrounds the old bank building, including whether or not the infamous bandit, John Dillinger, stopped to rob it. According to popular legend, after Dillinger robbed the bank, he fired a round into the teller counter as a reminder not to follow him out. That bullet hole remains there today. Whether it was Dillinger who shot the bullet into the teller counter, or not, the hole remains proof of Harrisburg's history.
Government
City government: The city of Harrisburg is led by a mayor-council form of government. Mayoral elections occur every four years. City council seats are contested every three years; However, not all of the council members are elected in the same year. The council consists of four members elected to represent two wards. The council member position is designed to be part-time.
As of the census of 2010, there were 4,089 people, 1,423 households, and 1,133 families residing in the city. The population density was. There were 1,507 housing units at an average density of. The racial makeup of the city was 96.8% White, 0.5% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population. There were 1,423 households of which 53.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.0% were married couplesliving together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 20.4% were non-families. 13.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.18. The median age in the city was 27.1 years. 34% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 42.6% were from 25 to 44; 13.1% were from 45 to 64; and 2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.0% male and 51.0% female.
Education
The Harrisburg School District currently has one high school, two middle schools, and six elementary schools. Due to a mismatch in the boundaries between school districts and cities, some of the schools are in Sioux Falls. There are approximately 4,800 students in the district.
Liberty Elementary and Freedom Elementary are located inside Harrisburg. A new sports complex and stadium were built at the new high school on the west side of Harrisburg, along with construction of soccer fields and tennis courts on the north side of the Harrisburg High School campus. Harrisburg is in SDHSAA class AA in athletics and would compete with the five other class Sioux Falls metro schools, but those Sioux Falls schools moved up to AAA at the same time.
