faces a number of population health challenges. Apart from modern medicine, traditional medicine plays a big role too.
Health infrastructure
In 2004, total health care expenditure was estimated at 3.3% of GDP. In Benin, most serious epidemic diseases have been brought under control by mobile health units and other facilities. The government of Benin has set goals of expanding its health care system, upgrading the quality of first referral care, promoting private sector care, and improving public sector care.
According to the Joint Monitoring Program of the World Health Organization and UNICEF, three quarters of the Beninese population had access to an improved water source in 2008, whereas 12% had access to improved sanitation. The share rose from 63% concerning water and from 5% concerning sanitation in 1990. Coverage in urban areas is considerably higher than in rural areas. Wastewater treatment is extremely rare in Benin. In most cases, wastewater is not disposed appropriately. According to a 2001 national health survey, in the cities of Cotonou, Parakou and Porto-Novo, two out of 1,000 households dispose their wastewater in a correct way, while most of them discharge it directly into the nature or drains. This leads to pollution and can cause water-borne diseases like malaria and typhoid fever.
has all but disappeared. Meningitis, once endemic in the north, now appears only sporadically.
Infectious diseases
has been almost totally eradicated in the northern part of the country. Sleeping sickness has also been greatly reduced in the north. In 2002, 203 new cases of cholera were reported. On 16 March 2020, the first COVID-19 case in the country was confirmed in Porto-Novo.
HIV/AIDS
The HIV/AIDS in Benin prevalence was 1.90 per 100 adults in 2003. As of 2004, there were approximately 68,000 people living with HIV/AIDS in the country. There were an estimated 5,800 deaths from AIDS in 2003.
Malnutrition
In 2002, malnutrition was prevalent in an estimated 25% of children under five years old.
Maternal and child healthcare
The 2011 maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births for Benin is 410. This is compared with 468.9 in 2008 and 587.6 in 1990. The under 5 mortality rate, per 1,000 births is 121 and the neonatal mortality as a percentage of under 5's mortality is 27. In Benin the number of midwives per 1,000 live births is 4 and the lifetime risk of death for pregnant women is 1 in 43. According to a 2013 UNICEF report, 13% of women had undergone female genital mutilation.
