Named after the French socialist Gustave Hervé, she was born in Florence, where she attended a convent school. At the age of ten, however, she and her family left Italy for the United States, settling in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where she later studied at the Pittsburgh Music Institute. In 1937, the soprano made her operatic debut with Brooklyn's Salmaggi Opera, as Santuzza in Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana. In ensuing seasons, she gained experience with that ensemble, presenting roles that would form the core of her repertoire, including Leonora in Verdi's La forza del destino and another Leonora in Verdi's Il trovatore. She also sang the title roles of Bellini's Norma, Verdi's Aida, and Ponchielli's La Gioconda. In 1947, she made her New York City Opera debut, as Santuzza, conducted by Julius Rudel. Also in 1947, Nelli successfully auditioned for the conductor Arturo Toscanini, and sang the part of Desdemona in the NBC Symphony Orchestra's concert version of Verdi's Otello, opposite Ramón Vinay. This led to the famous series of broadcasts of other Verdi works, which were later issued on records by RCA Victor: Aida, Mrs Alice Ford in Falstaff, the Requiem, and Amelia in Un ballo in maschera, which were Toscanini's final operatic performances. When Toscanini died three years later, he left his protégée his baton in his will. In 1948, Nelli sang in Genoa and at the Teatro alla Scala. At the latter theatre, she participated in the "Serata Commemorativa di Arrigo Boito" and starred in performances of Aida. From 1949, the glamorous dramatic soprano performed with the New Orleans Opera Association: Aida, Otello, Aida again, and Il trovatore. She was also often heard in Philadelphia, in Aïda, La Gioconda, Cavalleria rusticana, Norma, Il trovatore, Otello, La forza del destino, Puccini's Tosca, and Un ballo in maschera. In 1951, Nelli reappeared with the New York City Opera, in Cavalleria rusticana again, as well as Aida; the next year, she portrayed Maddalena de Coigny in Giordano's Andrea Chénier. With the San Francisco Opera, in 1951 and 1952, the soprano sang in Otello, La forza del destino, Aida, Cavalleria rusticana, Il trovatore, and La bohème ; in 1957, she returned for Un ballo in maschera. With the Baltimore Civic Opera in 1952, she debuted in Aida; in the 1954-55 season, she sang there in Il trovatore. In 1953, Nelli debuted at the Metropolitan Opera, with which she appeared until 1961. She was seen in Aida, La forza del destino, Il trovatore, Cavalleria rusticana, Andrea Chénier, Un ballo in maschera and Mozart's Don Giovanni. With the Met, she toured to Boston, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Atlanta, Dallas, Toronto and Minneapolis. The soprano appeared in Mexico City, at the Palacio de Bellas Artes, in 1953, starring in Il trovatore and Norma. Herva Nelli was also heard at the Cincinnati Opera many times between 1953 and 1956: Aida, La traviata, Andrea Chénier, Un ballo in maschera and Puccini's Madama Butterfly. The soprano was also seen with the Pittsburgh Opera, San Francisco's Cosmopolitan Opera, Lyric Opera of Chicago, Tulsa Opera and Opera Guild of Miami. Upon her 1951 return to the City Opera, Howard Taubman wrote of her in The New York Times: "Mme Nelli's voice is of grand size and range, and when she has it under control it has quality and character. Her pianissimo singing can be lovely, indeed. But she has a tendency to force and drive her tone until it loses its natural beauty." On September 22, 1956, La Nelli created the role of Bethsheba in the American premiere of Darius Milhaud's David, co-starring Harve Presnell, Mack Harrell, and Giorgio Tozzi, conducted by Izler Solomon, and staged by Harry Horner. It was performed at the Hollywood Bowl, as presented by the Festival of Faith and Freedom Committee of the American Association for Jewish Education. At the Teatro Colón, in 1958, she was the soprano soloist for Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, conducted by Juan José Castro. In 1960, the soprano sang Aida with the New York Opera Festival touring to Washington, DC. Among the orchestras with which she sang the Verdi Requiem were the New York Philharmonic and the New Orleans Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra. The prima donna toured to Colombia, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Mexico and Madeira. Nelli gave her farewell in April 1962, with the Brooklyn Opera Company, at the Academy of Music, in Norma, conducted by Carlo Moresco. In retirement, she acquired a particular reputation as a chef. In 1985, she appeared in an interview in the documentary "," which was telecast over PBS in 1988. On May 31, 1994, the soprano succumbed to leukemia at the age of eighty-five, at the Sharon Country Manor, in Connecticut. She was buried in the South Dover Rural Cemetery, in Wingdale, New York. In 2005, reviewing the DVD release of the Concert Version of Aida, Ira Siff, in Opera News, noted that "there is a sense of occasion here, as the eighty-two-year-old Toscanini … unleashes a performance of immense power. Herva Nelli may not possess a voice of distinctive beauty, but she is committed to the drama and lives every moment through the music. Both of Aida's big arias are handled with care and conviction, the 'O patria mia' particularly nuanced and convincing. Yes, one could wish for a longer, more dolce high C, but her reading of the aria is mesmerizing…."
