Hichiriki


The hichiriki is a double reed Japanese fue used as one of two main melodic instruments in Japanese gagaku music. It is one of the "sacred" instruments and is often heard at Shinto weddings in Japan. Its sound is often described as haunting.
According to scholars, the hichiriki emerged after the 12th century when the popularity of the Chinese melodies in Japan called Tōgaku waned.

Description

Although a double reed instrument like the oboe, the hichiriki has a cylindrical bore and thus its sound is similar to that of a clarinet. It is difficult to play due in part to the double reed configuration. It is made of a piece of bamboo that measures 18 centimeters with a flat double reed inserted which makes a loud sound.
Pitch and ornamentation are controlled largely with the embouchure. The instrument is particularly noted for the embai, a kind of pitch-gliding technique.
The hichiriki is the most widely used of all instruments in gagaku and it is used in all forms of music aside from poetry recitation. When playing hichiriki to perform Western songs and tunes, the sound of the hichiriki is very similar to the saxophone.
The hichiriki is derived from the Chinese guan or bili, and is also related to the Korean piri. This is evident in the notations of the finger positioning, a tablature of signs derived from Chinese characters.
Notable Japanese musicians who play the hichiriki include Hideki Togi and Hitomi Nakamura.
Non-Japanese musicians who have learned to play the hichiriki include Alan Hovhaness, Richard Teitelbaum, Thomas Piercy and Joseph Celli.