High Performance Computing Modernization Program
The United States Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program was initiated in 1992 in response to Congressional direction to modernize the Department of Defense laboratories’ high performance computing capabilities. The HPCMP provides supercomputers, a national research network, and computational science experts that together enable the Defense laboratories and test centers to conduct research, development, test and technology evaluation activities.
The program was administered by the Office of the Director, Defense Research and Engineering through FY2011, at which point it was transferred to the office of the United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology, where it is managed by the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology.
The program comprises three primary elements: DoD Supercomputing Resource centers, which provide large scale supercomputers and operations staff; DREN, a nationwide high speed, low latency, R&D network connecting the centers and major user communities; and a collection of efforts in software applications to develop, modernize, and maintain software to address DoD's science and engineering challenges. The current director of the program is David Horner, who was appointed to the position in January 2015.
DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers
The HPCMP funds and oversees the operation of five supercomputing centers, called DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers, or DSRCs. The centers are operated by the Engineer Research and Development Center in Vicksburg, MS, the Army Research Laboratory in Aberdeen, MD, the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command in Stennis Space Center, MS, and the Air Force Research Laboratory in Maui, HI and Dayton, OH. Arctic Region Supercomputing Center in Fairbanks, AK was a sixth DSRC until funding for it was discontinued in 2011.Each center hosts large-scale supercomputers, high-speed networks, multi-petabyte archival mass storage systems, and computational experts. The centers are managed by the HPCMP Assistant Director for Centers, who also funds program-wide activities in user support and scientific visualization.
Defense Research and Engineering Network
The Defense Research and Engineering Network — a high-speed national computer network for computational research, engineering, and testing — is a significant program within the HPCMP.The DREN is the United States Department of Defense’s research and engineering computer network. The DREN is a high-speed, high-capacity, low-latency nationwide computer network for computational scientific research, engineering, and testing in support of the DoD's Science and Technology and Test and Evaluation communities. The DREN connects scientists and engineers at the HPCMP's geographically dispersed high performance computing user sites — including the five DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers — and more than 150 user sites at other government laboratories, test centers, universities, and industrial locations throughout the United States.
The DREN wide area networking capability is provided under a commercial contract, currently awarded to CenturyLink. It has been awarded in the past to AT&T, MCI/WorldCom, and Verizon. The DREN WAN service provider has built DREN as a virtual private network based on its commercial infrastructure. Capabilities provided by DREN III include digital data transfer services at speeds from 50 Mbit/s through 100 Gbit/s. DREN III is also fully IPv6 enabled, with legacy support for IPv4.
In 2003, DREN was designated the Department of Defense's first IPv6 network by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks & Information Integration.
Other research networks of interest:
- CANARIE
- DANTE
- Energy Sciences Network
- High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network
- Internet2 Network
- NASA Research and Engineering Network
Software Applications
HPC Software Applications Institutes
HPC Software Applications Institutes, or HSAIs, are cross-disciplinary projects funded by the HPCMP but executed in the DoD labs. The HSAI program both develops tools to solve important computational problems facing the DoD and build organic HPC expertise within the department.Productivity Enhancement, Technology Transfer, and Training
The Productivity Enhancement, Technology Transfer, and Training, or PETTT, project provides training, computational tools and libraries, as well as application development and algorithm enhancement specifically designed to improve the productivity of the DoD’s HPC user community. PETTT projects are generally both shorter in duration and smaller in scale that HSAIs. The PETTT program provides the HPCMP and DoD users with access to expertise and new technologies emerging from over 100 university and industry partners.Computational Research and Engineering Acquisition Tools and Environments
The Computational Research and Engineering Acquisition Tools and Environments, or CREATE, project is designed to bring the benefits of modern scientific computing to the development and acquisition of next-generation Defense weapons systems, and modernization and enhancement of currently deployed weapons systems. CREATE is developing large-scale, multiphysics software to support the simulation of aircraft, ship survivability and maneuverability, radio frequency antenna design, and military ground vehicles. The program is supported by a fifth, cross-cutting effort to develop a common suite of tools for geometry and mesh generation.Current and Former Program Directors
The following table summarizes the chronology of program directors.| Name | From | To | |
| 1 | Anthony Pressley | 1992 | 1995 |
| 2 | Kay Howell | 1995 | 1997 |
| 3 | Tom Dunn | 1997 | 1998 |
| 4 | Charles Holland | 1998 | 1999 |
| 5 | Cray Henry | 2000 | Sep 2011 |
| 6 | John West | Oct 2011 | Dec 2014 |
| 7 | David Horner | Jan 2015 | Present |
The HPCMP in the DoD Budget
Since FY2012, the HPCMP's base funding has been provided on two lines in the Army budget, which is itself a portion of the Department of Defense Budget submitted each year by the President and approved by Congress. PE 0603461A provides for RDT&E funds that operate the centers and DREN, and funds R&D efforts in support of program goals. Line item number B66501 provides procurement funds for the annual purchase of new supercomputing hardware.Prior to FY2012, the HPCMP's RDT&E funding was provided on PE 0603755D8Z, while procurement was funded on PE 0902198D8Z.
The following table summarizes requested and committee-approved funding amounts for the RDT&E portion of the program for the most recent federal fiscal years.
| Fiscal Year | Program Element | Line | President's Request | Congress Approved | Difference |
| 2017 | 0603461A | 46 | $177.190 | $222.19 | +$45.0 |
| 2016 | 0603461A | 46 | $177.159 | $222.16 | +$45.0 |
| 2015 | 0603461A | 47 | $181.609 | $221.61 | +$40.0 |
| 2014 | 0603461A | 47 | $180.662 | $225.66 | +$45.0 |
| 2013 | 0603461A | 47 | $180.582 | $228.18 | +$47.6 |
| 2012 | 0603461A | 47 | $183.150 | $228.15 | +$45.0 |
| 2011 | 0603755D8Z | 52 | $200.986 | $255.49 | +$54.5 |
| 2010 | 0603755D8Z | 49 | $221.286 | $245.19 | +$23.9 |
| 2009 | 0603755D8Z | 49 | $208.079 | $220.345 | +$12.266 |
| 2008 | 0603755D8Z | 50 | $187.587 | $208.487 | +$20.9 |
| 2007 | 0603755D8Z | 43 | $175.313 | $207.213 | +$31.9 |
| 2006 | 0603755D8Z | 45 | $189.747 | $213.247 | +$23.5 |
| 2005 | 0603755D8Z | 42 | $186.666 | $236.766 | +$50.1 |
| 2004 | 0603755F | Project 5093 | $185.282 | $202.492 | +$17.21 |
| 2003 | 0603755D8Z | $188.642 | $217.142 | +$28.5 | |
| 2002 | 0603755D8Z | $188.376 | $187.200 | -$1.2 | |
| 2001 | 0603755D8Z | $164.027 | $177.527 | +$13.5 | |
| 2000 | 0603755D8Z | $159.099 | $168.099 | +$9.0 | |
| 1999 | 0603755D8Z | $140.927 | $153.927 | +$13.0 | |
| 1998 | 0603755D8Z | $126.211 | $149.880 | +$23.67 |
The temporary change in Program Element number for FY2004 reflects a planned transition of the program from management by the Office of the Secretary of Defense to the Air Force; this transition did not ultimately occur.