History of Odessa

13th to 17th century

• 1240 - Tatars begin settling herds in the region.
• 1415 - a settlement of Kachibei was first mentioned.
• 15th century - Khadjibey ceded to Lithuania.
• 1529 - Ottoman conquest.

  18th century

• 1764 - Fortress Yeni Dünya built at Khadjibey by Turks.
• 1789 - Russian forces take fortress.
• 1791 - Khadjibey annexed to Novorossiya.
• 1794 - Odessa founded by decree of Catherine II of Russia.
• 1795
• * Population: 2,250.
• * Cathedral of the Transfiguration founded.

  19th century

• 1802 - Population: 9,000.
• 1803 - Duc de Richelieu in power.
• 1804 - Commercial school founded.
• 1805
• * Odessa becomes administrative center of New Russia.
• * Theatre opens.
• * Russian Orthodox church built.
• 1808 - Troitzkaya Church active.
• 1809
• * Cathedral built.
• * Opera house built.
• 1812 - Plague.
• 1814 - Population: 25,000.
• 1816 - Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron in power.
• 1817 - Richelieu Lyceum established.
• 1819 - Odessa becomes a free port.
• 1821
• * Church of the Dormition built.
• * Pogrom against Jews.
• 1824 - Odessa becomes "seat of the governors-general of Novorossia and Bessarabia."
• 1825 - Archeological Museum founded.
• 1826
• * Fyodor Palen in power.
• * Jewish school established.
• * Richelieu Monument unveiled.
• 1828 - Imperial Rural Association for Southern Russia founded.
• 1830
• * Public library established.
• * Vorontsov Palace built.
• 1838 - Plague.
• 1841 - Giant Staircase constructed.
• 1846 - Londonskaya Hotel opens.
• 1847 - Novobazarnaya Church built.
• 1850 - Population: 100,000.
• 1853
• * Crimean War begins.
• * Roman Catholic Church rebuilt.
• 1854 - Anglo-French fleet attacks Odessa.
• 1856 - Russian Steam Navigation and Trading Company established.
• 1857 - August 15: Free port status revoked.
• 1859 - Pogrom against Jews.
• 1862
• * Odessa Military District established.
• * Vorontsov Lighthouse built.
• 1865 - Imperial Novorossiya University established.
• 1866 - Odessa-Balta railway begins operating.
• 1871
• * Pogrom against Jews.
• * Russian Technical Society, Odessa branch, founded.
• 1873 - Population: 162,814.
• 1874 - Theatre Velikanova built.
• 1875 - Tzar visits Odessa.
• 1876 - Turkish forces attack Odessa.
• 1880 - Horse tramway begins operating.
• 1881
• * Steam tramway begins operating.
• * Pogrom against Jews.
• 1882 - Population: 217,000.
• 1887 - Theatre built.
• 1894 - Odessa Committee of the Social Democratic Workers Party organized.
• 1895 - St. Panteleimon church consecrated.
• 1897 - Lutheran Church built.
• 1899
• * General Post Office built.
• * Exchange built.
• * Bristol Hotel opens.
• 1900 - Population: 449,673.

  20th century

• 1902 - Cadet School active.
• 1905
• * June: Potemkin uprising.
• * Pogrom against Jews.
• 1906
• * Uprising.
• * Municipal Library built.
• 1907 - Myrograph film studio in business.
• 1910
• * Electric Tram begins operating.
• * Trade fair held.
• 1913
• * Conservatoire founded.
• * Sergiyev Artillery School active.
• * Population: 631,040.
• 1917 - City occupied by Ukrainian Tsentral'na Rada, French Army, Red Army, and White Army following the Bolshevik Revolution.
• 1918
• * 13 March: Odessa occupied by Central Powers.
• * Odessa becomes capital of Odessa Soviet Republic.
• * Polytechnic University established.
• * December : Odessa occupied by the French Army
• 1919 - Odessa Film Studio founded.
• 1920 - Red Army in power.
• 1921 - Odessa State Economics University established.
• 1922
• * Odessa State Medical Institute established.
• * Odessa Zoo opens.
• 1924 - Odessa Philharmonic Theater opens.
• 1926 - State Odessa Russian Drama Theatre established.
• 1928 - Spartak Stadium opens.
• 1933 - School of Stolyarsky established.
• 1935 - Kosior Memorial Stadium built.
• 1936
• * The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases & Tissue Therapy founded.
• * Dynamo football club formed.
• 1941
• * August 8-October 16: Siege of Odessa.
• * October 17: Axis occupation begins.
• * October 22–24: 1941 Odessa massacre.
• * Odessa becomes capital of Romanian-administered Transnistria Governorate.
• 1944
• * April 10: Red Army takes city; Axis occupation ends.
• * ODO Odessa football team active.
• * Odessa State Maritime Academy founded.
• 1945 - Odessa designated a Hero City of the USSR.
• 1952 - Railway Station rebuilt.
• 1961
• * Odessa International Airport built.
• * Pushkin Museum opens.
• 1963 - Avangard rugby club formed.
• 1965 - Population: 735,000.
• 1973 - April 10: Humorina festival begins.
• 1979 - Population: 1,072,000.
• 1984 - Deribasivska Street pedestrianized.
• 1985 - Population: 1,126,000.
• 1989 - Outdoor market relocates to Odessa-Ovidiopol highway.
• 1992 - BIPA-Moda basketball club formed.
• 1994
• * Eduard Gurwits becomes mayor.
• * New music festival begins.
• 1998 - Rouslan Bodelan becomes mayor.
• 1999 - Odessa Numismatics Museum established.
• 2000 - Quarantine Pier designated free economic zone and port.

  21st century

• 2001 - Al-Salam Mosque opens.
• 2003 - Rebuilt Odessa Cathedral consecrated.
• 2005 - Eduard Gurwits becomes mayor again.
• 2007 - Privoz Market rebuilt.
• 2010 - Odessa International Film Festival begins.
• 2011
• * Chornomorets Stadium built.
• * FC SKA Odesa formed.
• * Aleksey Kostusyev becomes mayor.
• * Population: 1,003,705.
• 2014 - 2014 Odessa clashes.
• 2014 - after Crimea annexation by Russia, Odesa become the main naval base of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

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