Holy Grail tapestries


The Holy Grail or San Graal tapestries are a set of six tapestries depicting scenes from the legend of King Arthur and the quest for the Holy Grail. The tapestries were commissioned from Morris & Co. by William Knox D'Arcy in 1890 for his dining room at Stanmore Hall, outside London. Additional versions of the tapestries with minor variations were woven on commission by Morris & Co. over the next decade.

The series

The six original tapestries illustrate the story of the Grail quest as told in Sir Thomas Malory's 1485 book Le Morte d'Arthur. Like other Morris & Co. tapestries, the Holy Grail sequence was a group effort, with overall composition and figures designed by Edward Burne-Jones, heraldry by William Morris, and foreground florals and backgrounds by John Henry Dearle. The narrative panels were accompanied by smaller verdure or woodland panels featuring deer, the knights' shields hung on trees, and text telling the story of the panel hung above. The sequence was worked over a period of five years, from 1891 to 1894, at Merton Abbey. The Attainment was the first of the series to be completed, and was shown at the Arts and Crafts Exhibition in 1893.
The six tapestries are:
Textile historian Linda Parry wrote of the series "their design, decoration and weaving establish them, beyond doubt, as the most significant tapestry series woven in the nineteenth century."
The original set of tapestries remained at Stanmore Hall until D'Arcy's death in 1920. They were subsequently sold and dispersed. Morris & Co. wove a second subset of the narrative panels in 1895 and 1896 for the drawing room at Compton Hall, Lawrence Hodson's seat near Wolverhampton. A third complete set was woven for George McCulloch in 1898 and 1899. Some hangings from these subsequent weavings are in the Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery. Others are in the collection of Andrew Lloyd Webber. The Stanmore Hall weaving of The Attainment was purchased by guitarist Jimmy Page in 1978; the piece failed to meet its reserve at auction in 2008 and remains in Page's collection.

Gallery


File:Holy Grail tapestry The Summons.jpg|The Summons
File:Holy Grail tapestry The Failure of Sir Launcelot.jpg|The Failure of Sir Launcelot
File:Galahad grail.jpg|The Attainment or The Achievement of the Grail, version woven 1895-96, now in the Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery
File:Holy Grail tapestry The Failure of Sir Gawaine.jpg|The Failure of Sir Gawaine
File:Holy Grail tapestry The Ship.jpg|The Ship
File:Holy Grail tapestry Verdure detail.jpg|Detail of verdure panel with deer and shields
File:Holy Grail tapestry Stanmore Hall.jpg|The Arming of the Knights and its verdure panel in the dining room at Stanmore Hall, 1898
File:Holy Grail tapestry Launcelot Stanmore Hall.jpg|The Failure of Sir Launcelot and verdure panel, Stanmore Hall, 1898
File:Holy Grail tapestry Galahad Stanmore Hall.jpg|The Attainment, Stanmore Hall, 1898. The original weaving of this panel was shaped to fit over the doorway.