Homeshare is the exchange of housing for help in the home. A householder, typically an older person with a spare room, offers free or low-cost accommodation to another person in exchange for an agreed level of support. The support may include companionship, shopping, household tasks, gardening, care of pets and, increasingly, help to use the computer. Homeshare thus provides a solution to the needs of two groups of people - those in need of affordable housing, often younger people, and those in need of some support to live at home, usually older people. Homeshare programmes, many run by voluntary bodies, have taken root in at least thirteen countries worldwide, some of them with public funding.
Homeshare was originally set up to benefit older people who needed support to live independently, but the concept is flexible and can be adapted to meet local needs and circumstances. Homeshare is directly benefiting many people across the globe, including:
Students from overseas, living with a host offers the chance to improve their English language skills.
The direct benefits to a Householder include; help with daily living, companionship and the security of having someone in the house, especially at night. There are even ; for example a German homesharer called the emergency services when the householder had a heart attack. Other benefits include: breaking down the barriers between generations and different cultures, fostering mutual understanding and tolerance. For instance, in an Australian program, an elderly Italian lady successfully shared her home with a Pakistani Muslim homesharer. Others benefit indirectly. Families of Householders speak of the reassurance that their loved one has someone in the house, looking out for their welfare. Public services benefit too, as homeshare can delay the need for costly services such as residential care. The following case study from the UK indicates how homeshare can benefit an older and a younger person.
How homeshare works
Homeshare programmes are diverse in terms of how they operate. Some are run on a ‘counselling’ model, whereby programme coordinators screen potential candidates, match them skilfully, negotiate a contract, monitor the outcome and provide ongoing support to both parties. Others are run on the ‘referral’ model, where the programme coordinators interview applicants and suggest matches, and it is then up to the applicants to take the arrangements forward. Many USA programs offer both approaches. Homeshare is usually seen as a free exchange of services, though in some programmes, such as ensemble2generations in France, Homesharers pay a modest rent for their room. Typically the Homesharers get free accommodation however and in return offer a specified number of hours of support: ten hours per week in the UK is usual, while in Germany the hours of support are related to the size of the Homesharer's room. Either or both applicants may pay a fee to the Homeshare programme to cover administrative, marketing and monitoring costs.
The history of homeshare
Homeshare has its roots in the USA where the late Maggie Kuhn set up the first programs in 1972. In the UK, homeshare was taken up in the early 1980s by the late Nan Maitland, who in 1993 launched the first formal programme, in London. In Europe, it is believed that the concept of homeshare was invented quite independently in Spain, where, in 1991 the Alojamiento por Compañia programme was set up in Granada to meet an urgent need for student accommodation. By 1992 the idea had been adopted in Germany where the award-winning Wohnen für Hilfe programme was founded by Professor Anne-Lotte Kreickemeier in Darmstadt, again to meet the need for student accommodation. There are now several programmes in Germany. In France, ensemble2generations, founded in 2006 in the Paris area, is now spreading to other parts of the country. In 1999 Nan Maitland went on to launch Homeshare International. Homeshare programmes in Sydney and Melbourne, Australia, were launched in 2000 as a direct result of Homeshare International's work. The concept has now been adopted in many parts of the world. There have been failures too – in Israel and the Czech Republic in the 1990s for example.
Homeshare fits well with the policy agendas of many different countries, where it:
supports older people in their own homes for longer, delaying or preventing the need for costly residential care
enables hospital discharge and prevents ‘bed-blocking’
is a simple solution: "The consistency and simplicity of a single homesharer is ‘heaven sent’ compared with the typical highly-complex package of care for older people"
makes better use of housing stock – many older householders are ‘under-occupying’ their homes
provides affordable housing for key workers in expensive cities like London, UK
provides low-cost accommodation for students, primarily in mainland Europe, where universities have increased their intake faster than their student housing programmes
tackles loneliness by facilitating sociable living
could contribute to intergenerational programmes, for examples see the
contributes to strengthening local communities, such as promoted under the UK's
Despite the fact that homeshare meets so many policy aims, public authorities have been slow to adopt it. Some programmes are funded by government, for example in Australia, but others struggle with little or no public financial backing. In part this may be policy makers’ lack of awareness but another factor may be the perceived risk of homeshare. In the UK for example, policy makers are wary of enabling strangers to move in with vulnerable older people, even though there is no single documented case of abuse taking place. The cost of running homeshare programmes may be another factor that limits the spread of the idea, though there is ample evidence that homeshare can be very cost effective in meeting the needs of older people.
encourage practitioners to exchange learning, ideas and information
stimulate research into the benefits of homeshare
provide working tools for homeshare practitioners
Run entirely by volunteers, Homeshare International runs a , which is a major resource for practitioners, publishes a directory of known programmes and runs biennial conferences to enable people to meet and share experiences and learning. In the UK, Homeshare UK supports the promotion and development of Homeshare schemes in the UK and ROI , with a membership of the 23 Homeshare programmes. In the US, many homeshare programmes are affiliated with the .
