Hoshizuka Keiaien Sanatorium, is a sanatorium for leprosy patients or ex-leprosy patients in Kanoya-shi, kagoshima-ken, Japan which was established in 1935.
History
Background
Following the establishment of prefectural sanatoriums, the Japanese government decided to increase sanatoriums, first with National Sanatorium Nagashoma Airakuen in 1930. Hoshizuka Keiaien was the 4th sanatorium which was established in 1935. Unlike other areas, resistance to the establishment of this sanatorium was small.
Apr 1996: The 1953 Leprosy Prevention Law was abolished.
Jul 1998: The trial for compensation started.
May 11, 2001: The trial for compensation ruled that the previous Leprosy Prevention was unconstitutional.
May 25, 2001: The trial for compensation was confirmed. The compensation of 8,000,000 yen to 14,000,000 yen was given to patients depending on the duration of unconstitutional periods.
The number of in-patients is the sum of patients which changed not only by the newly diagnosed hospitalized and those who died among in-patients, by other factors such as the number of patients who escaped or were discharged, depending on the condition of the times. Recently they were encouraged to be discharged, but the long period of the segregation policy causing leprosy stigma might influence the number of those who went into the society.
Year
Number of in-patients
1935
368
1940
891
1943
1347*maximum
1950
976
1960
1160
1970
974
1980
828
1984
741
Year
Number of in-patients
2003
359
2004
339
2005
319
2006
290
2007
279
2008
265
Promin worked
It was at the congress of the Japanese Leprosy Association held in the Keiaien Sanatorium on November 2and 3, 1947 that the effects of promin were first reported. At first it did not attract attention since cepharanthin, a new drug for leprosy which had been tested earlier proved disappointing. Promin use started in November 1948, and the effects of promin were amazing. "Give us promin" movement began. The first patient cleared with promin was discharged in April, 1953.
"Rai-iete, En-wo Sariyuru Wakamono o Gaku-narashitsutu Warera Miokuru."
* This was one of the tanka poems recited before the Emperor and Empress of Japan next January.
Scabies
Leprosy in earlier days has been associated with scabies, and this has been pointed out by Kensuke Mitsuda. There were many cases of scabies.
1935: 83cases
1937: 195 cases
1938: 3146 cases
1939: 5298 cases
1940: 7950 cases
1945: too many
1946: 12017
1952: No record
Vasectomy
Vasectomy was started by Kensuke Mitsuda in 1915. Leprosy usually worsens in women during pregnancy and delivery. Married patients usually could not bring up babies, and children born of leprosy patients could be stigmatized in the future. However, the real reason was to exterminate leprosy patients. There were 334 cases of vasectomy between 1936 and 1971 in the Keiaien Sanatorium.
There were 45 cases of interrupted pregnancy between 1950 and 1959.
