Hraschina is the official name of an iron meteorite that fell in 1751 near the Hrašćina village in Hrvatsko Zagorje, Croatia. This meteorite is important because it was the first fall of an iron meteorite viewed and reported by a significant number of witnesses, despite its low remaining total known weight. The Hraschina meteorite also proved that rocks really can "fall from the skies".
History
On 26 May 1751, at 18:00, a fireball was seen over Hrašćina and sounds like detonations were heard as far away as Varaždin, giving an estimate of nearly of area over which the meteorite's sound was audible. Many people taking their Sunday evening walk witnessed the event. Baltazar Adam Krčelić, a clergyman, historian, and a noted chronicler of daily events, who was spending time in the village of Biškupec, recorded the following: Iron masses of and fell to the east of Hrašćina and were later recovered. The larger mass penetrated into the ground. But there are reports that it went much deeper. The smaller mass was split at the place of the fall and partly used by the local villagers for making nails, while the rest of it was split further in Bratislava and subsequently lost. The Zagreb Catholic chapter sent the meteorites and an official report to the Empress Maria Theresa. The meteorites were deposited in the Treasury in Vienna and then to the Court museum, now the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien. On the basis of the Protocol of Bishop Baron Klobuczezky and the fact that these fresh fallen meteorites presented a molten metal crust, in 1794 Ernst Chladni proposed that meteorites have their origins in outer space. Since meteorites were thought to be of volcanic origin, this was a very controversial statement at the time, but in 1803 was confirmed by Jean Baptiste Biot and was then accepted. In 1808 Count Alois von Beckh Widmanstätten discovered the Widmanstätten patterns by heating a slab of this meteorite. "Though another scientist, G. Thomson, had also discovered the texture, Widmanstätten's work was recognized by Carl von Schreibers and the term Widmanstätten has been used to describe the texture ever since."
Hraschina is an iron meteorite chemical type IID, structural class medium octahedrite. Composition: Fe 89%, Ni 10.5%, Ge 89.4 ppm, Ga 74.5 ppm, Ir 13 ppm.
Samples distribution
The main mass is conserved at the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien. The second largest mass is a piece of recently discovered within an old collection. Other pieces are: at MiN of Berlin, at the Natural History Museum of London, and a few smaller pieces in other institutions. The largest mass shows evidence of a spirited attack with a hammer-like object.
