Hugh Squier
Hugh Squier of Petty France, Westminster, was a wealthy merchant best remembered as a generous benefactor to the town of South Molton in Devon, the place of his birth, where in 1684 he founded a "free school".
Origins
He was the 4th son of William Squier , a yeoman, of Townhouse, South Molton, then what Hoskins calls a "mansion", today a farmhouse situated about 1 3/4 miles west of the centre of the town of South Molton, on the road to Chittlehampton. William Squire was educated at Lyme Regis and at Caius College, Cambridge.Hugh's mother was Jane Roberts, 3rd daughter and co-heiress of Richard Roberts of Combe Martin, Devon. Richard Roberts, whose mural monument survives in Combe Martin Church, was the owner of the demesne of the manor of Combe Martin and was patron of the churches of nearby Berry Narbor, Devon and of Chew Magna in Somerset. Hugh Squier's uncle-by-marriage was the Devon historian Thomas Westcote, married to Mary Roberts, his mother's elder sister.
Brothers and Sisters
Hugh had four sisters and three elder brothers as follows:- Christopher Squier of Townhouse, eldest brother and heir to his father. In 1648 for the sum of £900 he purchased the manor of South Molton from Sir George Whitmore, Master of the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers 1621-2 and Lord Mayor of London in 1631. This entitled him to various customary income due to the lord of the manor from tolls, fairs, markets and other profits. In 1654, the year after his father's death, he granted a 99-year lease of the manor of South Molton jointly to his mother and to his brother Hugh Squier, at an annual rent of £20 7s. The manor formed a large part of Hugh Squier's benefaction to the town. Christopher was one of the founding trustees or governors of Hugh Squier's School, appointed in 1686 by his brother the founder. His son was William Squier, later also a governor, father of John Squier, in 1710 appointed a governor in place of his deceased great-uncle, whilst still a schoolboy at Eton College. John was the last in the male line of the Squire family and died aged 21 without progeny. He and his sister Elizabeth Squire were the main beneficiaries of the will of Hugh Squier. Elizabeth died unmarried, having lived all her life at Townhouse and having been a donor to the Blue Coat School in South Molton and other charities in South Molton.
- Richard Squier, 2nd elder brother, a soldier who died unmarried.
- William Squier, 3rd elder brother, who married a certain Priscilla by whom he had two daughters.
Career
Founds South Molton School
His children having all died young and having no heirs he thus decided to devote his wealth to philanthropical causes in his native town. In 1686 he built and endowed a school in East Street, South Molton, known as Hugh Squier's Free School. The original Deed of Endowment and Appointment of Trustees is held at North Devon Record Office in Barnstaple. The school's running expenses were mainly funded by income from Northam estates held on a rolling lease from the Dean and Canons of Windsor. In 1867 the South Molton trustees were notified that the leases would terminate in 1881. The trustees saved £2823 during the period of notice. £2315 was invested in Government stock and £508 was held in the bank. The Charity Commission issued an order dated 12/01/1883 "that the clear amount of the annual income.. after all proper outgoings and expenses shall be expended … on highways maintenance or suitable public works". He also bequeathed income from his estate in the parish of Swimbridge. See also: Copy will of Hugh Squier B366/BOX 1/SECTION 1/A/4 1709The original "Deed of Endowment and Appointment of Trustees" dated 1686 survives in the archives of the North Devon Record Office in Barnstaple, summarised as follows:
"Parties:
- 1 Hugh Squier of St Margaret's, Westminster
- 2 Christopher Squier, William Squier of South Molton, John Haach, Anthony Pawle, Humphrey Shobrook, nominated by Hugh Squier as trustees.
Masters
John Cruse (d.1692)
The mural monument of John Cruse, the first Master of the school survives in St Mary Magdalen's Church, South Molton, inscribed as follows:Rev. John Coleridge (1719-1781)
Rev. John Coleridge was ordained a deacon in 1749 and in 1750 was ordained a priest and was appointed Master of Hugh Squier's School and Lecturer of Molland. In 1760 he moved to Ottery St Mary, where he served as vicar and Master of the King's School. By his wife Anne Bowden , he was the father of the poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge.Amalgamation
In 1877 it was amalgamated with the Blue Coat School, founded in 1711, and with the National School, founded in 1833. The combined school was known as South Molton United Schools. A 19th century memorial brass tablet situated above the fireplace in the school-hall of South Molton Primary School, North Street, is inscribed as follows:- *I: Squier's School, endowed by Hugh Squier in 1682;
- *II: the Blue-Coat School, established in 1711 and endowed by Henry Blagdon, Elizabeth Squier, Thomas Tepper, Elizabeth Northcote, Sarah Aram, Rev. J. Hole, Elizabeth Bryan and Elizabeth Amory.
- *III: The National School, established in 1833.
Partial demolition
Notable pupils
- John Cunningham Saunders, ophthalmic surgeon.
Other charitable donations
- Donation to the Vicar of Northam, Devon
- Donation to the almshouses in Westminster established by George Whicher, who was buried in the east cloister of Westminster Abbey. His marble mural monument survives there inscribed as follows:
- Donation to the Mayor of South Molton for repairs of the School and of highways, especially the road between the bridge over the River Mole and the school. Several of the footpaths in the streets and through the churchyard were much improved in the year 1894 by the South Molton municipal charity trustees at an outlay of about £500, out of funds in their hands belonging to Hugh Squier's charity.
- Donation to the trustees of his school
1st President of Grey Coat School
Dean and Chapter asserted their claims to the freehold and
a committee, consisting of Mr. Justice Railton, Mr. Hugh
Squier, Mr. John Parker, Mr. Charles Rampayne, and others
were directed to investigate the claim, and to search the
ancient deeds and records relating to the title. In 1706 the trustees obtained a royal charter from Queen Anne which formed them into a corporation legally capable of holding land and receiving donations, when the name of the school was changed to "Grey Coat Hospital". "Hugh Squier, Esquire" is listed as one of the many subscribers and benefactors, along with Rev. George Smalridge, DD. The aims of the school emphasised training in "casting accounts" and "such of them as are capable are also kept to work at spinning, knitting, sewing and other employments to inure them to honest labour and industry".
Connection to Blue Coat School, Westminster
He was long connected with the Blue Coat School in Westminster, founded in Duck Lane in about 1688 by voluntary subscription as a charity school for the education of poor boys to teach them reading, writing, religion, and trades. In 1709 it moved to a purpose-built premises in Caxton Street, which building survives today. A parchment roll dated about 1700 states:Then follows a list of thirty-five names.
Intelligence provider
The Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies, contains the following entry for June 24, 1662:The information led to a trial for treason of Maurice Thomson, at which he was proven innocent.
Loan on the Linen Duty Act
Hugh Squier was marked down as recipient of a repayment of £3,000, one of the highest sums, on the "List of orders of repayment for loans on the credit of the Act of 1 James II, c. 5, granting an imposition on French linens, East India linens, several other manufactures of India, French wrought silks and stuffs, all other wrought silks and all brandies imported after 1685, July 1, and before 1690, July 1, said loans being at 7 per cent."Residence
He resided at Petty France, on the south side of St James's Park, Westminster, where his local church was "Dr Smalridge's New Church" or "The New Chapel", built in 1631-6 as a chapel of ease to St Margaret's, Westminster, later under the care of Rev. George Smalridge, later Bishop of Bristol. It was demolished and rebuilt in 1842 in the fashionable gothic style as "Christ Church, Broadway". but was bombed in 1941 during World War II and later demolished, when the parish was united to St. Peter's Church, Eaton Square. In 1671 his house was described as "near Lord Scudamore's in Petty France"Landholdings and property
Hugh Squire owned landholdings and property including the following:- Manor of South Molton. In 1654, at the age of 29 a year after his father's death, he purchased from his eldest brother Christopher Squire a 99-year lease of the manor of South Molton at an annual rent of £20 and 7 shillings.
- 3 houses in the parish of St Martin's Le Grand in the City of London
- 4 Houses in Golden Square, Westminster.
- 1 house in Park Street, Westminster, on the south side of St James's Park. In 1874 together with Queen Square, Park Street was renumbered and renamed Queen Anne's Gate.
- Upcott, an estate in the parish of Chittlehampton, the parish adjoining South Molton parish on the west side. It comprised a 2,000 year lease of a cottage and 52 acres of very poor land, purchased by his father in 1641 for £400.
- Northam, glebe and tithes of the parish, held on a 21 year lease from the Dean and Chapter of Windsor.
Tax assessments
Will of Hugh Squier
Hugh Squier made his will on 24 February 1709, of which a part was as follows:The testator then gave three leasehold houses in St Martin's-le-Grand to the parish of St. Margaret's, Westminster, the rents of which were to be appropriated to various purposes; and then proceeded:
Monuments
- Miniature portrait. A miniature portrait of him formerly the property of a certain Mrs May was purchased in 1796 by South Molton Town Council and today hangs from the chain of office of the Mayor of South Molton.
- Portrait. An oil on canvas portrait of him exists in the Mayor's Parlour in South Molton Town Hall, possibly the portrait made in 1799 by a certain Mr Whitby, "probably taken from an existing miniature", and which hung formerly in the school.
- Stone Bust, Guildhall. A stone bust of him was made in 1910, on the bicentenary of his death, apparently copied from the painting, and was mounted on a plinth on the facade of the South Molton Guildhall, where it survives today. It bears the following inscription: "Hugh Squier AD 1625-1710. Our great benefactor. Erected AD 1910, James Sanders, Mayor". It was possibly erected as a result of the admonition written by the Historian of South Molton J. Cock in his 1893 work Records of ye Antient Borough of South Molton in ye County of Devon, lamenting the 1842 destruction of the Squire family monuments in "The New Chapel", Westminster:
- Bust in Primary School. Another bust of Hugh Squier exists in the hall of the Victorian Primary School building in South Molton.
- Hugh Squier Avenue. In 1946 a street in a new council estate on the east side of South Molton was named "Hugh Squier Avenue".
- "Hugh Squier Ward", the name of the only in-patient ward in South Molton Community Hospital.