Hugo Award for Best Semiprozine
The Hugo Award for Best Semiprozine is given each year for semi-professionally-edited magazines related to science fiction or fantasy which had published four or more issues, with at least one issue appearing in the previous calendar year. Awards were once also given out for professional magazines in the professional magazine category, and are still awarded for fan magazines in the fanzine category. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".
The award was first presented in 1984, and has been given annually since. A "semiprozine" is defined for the award as a magazine in the field that is not professional but that either pays its contributors in something other than copies, or is available only for payment. In addition to the regular Hugo awards, beginning in 1996 Retrospective Hugo Awards, or "Retro Hugos", have been available to be awarded for years 50, 75, or 100 years prior in which no awards were given. To date, Retro Hugo awards have been awarded for 1939, 1941, 1943—1946, 1951, and 1954, but the category failed to receive enough to form a ballot each time.
During the 37 nomination years, 38 magazines run by 133 editors have been nominated. Of these, only 8 magazines run by 25 editors have won. Locus won 22 times and was nominated every year until a rules change in 2012 made it ineligible for the category. Uncanny Magazine has won 4 times in a row, 2016–2019, while Science Fiction Chronicle, Clarkesworld Magazine, and Lightspeed are the only other magazines to win more than once, with 2 awards out of 18 nominations, 3 out of 4, and 2 out of 5, respectively, while Ansible has won 1 out of 7 nominations, Interzone has won 1 out of 28, and Weird Tales has won 1 out of its 3 nominations. As editor of Locus Charles N. Brown won 21 of 27 nominations, though he shared 5 of those awards with Kirsten Gong-Wong, 3 with Liza Groen Trombi and 2 with Jennifer A. Hall. Uncannys awards were primarily earned by a team of 5 people, Lynne M. Thomas, Michael Damian Thomas, Michi Trota, Erika Ensign, and Steven Schapansky. The sole editor for Chronicles awards was Andrew I. Porter, while David Pringle earned Interzones, and Ann VanderMeer and Stephen H. Segal were the editors for Weird Taless victory. Lightspeeds wins were under John Joseph Adams, Rich Horton, and Stefan Rudnicki, with Wendy N. Wagner and Christie Yant added for the second win, while David Langford was the editor when Ansible was awarded. Clarkesworld Magazines winning years were under Neil Clarke, Sean Wallace, and Kate Baker, with 2 of the three also under Cheryl Morgan and the other under Jason Heller. The New York Review of Science Fiction has received the most number of nominations without ever winning at 22, under the helm of David G. Hartwell, Kathryn Cramer, Kevin J. Maroney, and 8 other editors. The next highest number of nominations without winning is 7 for Speculations under Kent Brewster, Denise Lee, and Susan Fry.
Selection
Hugo Award nominees and winners are chosen by supporting or attending members of the annual World Science Fiction Convention, and the presentation evening constitutes its central event. The selection process is defined in the World Science Fiction Society Constitution as instant-runoff voting with six nominees, except in the case of a tie. The works on the ballot are the most-nominated by members that year, with no limit on the number of works that can be nominated. The 1953 through 1956 and 1958 awards did not include any recognition of runner-up magazines, but since 1959 all six candidates were recorded. Initial nominations are made by members in January through March, while voting on the ballot of six nominations is performed roughly in April through July, subject to change depending on when that year's Worldcon is held. Prior to 2017, the final ballot was five works; it was changed that year to six, with each initial nominator limited to five nominations. Worldcons are generally held near the start of September, and are held in a different city around the world each year. At the 2008 business meeting, an amendment to the World Science Fiction Society's Constitution was passed which would remove this category. The vote to ratify this amendment was held the following year; the ratification failed and the category remained. Instead, a committee was formed to recommend improvements to the category and related categories.Winners and nominees
In the following table, the years correspond to the date of the ceremony, rather than when the work was first published. Each date links to the "year in literature" article corresponding with when the work was eligible. Entries with a blue background won the award for that year; those with a white background are the other nominees on the short-list. Note that Thrust was renamed to Quantum and was nominated under both names; no other nominated magazine has undergone a name change during the period the award has been active.* Winners and joint winners
Year | Work | Editor | Ref. |
1984 | Locus* | ||
1984 | Fantasy Review | ||
1984 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1984 | Science Fiction Review | ||
1984 | Whispers | ||
1985 | Locus* | ||
1985 | Fantasy Review | ||
1985 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1985 | Science Fiction Review | ||
1985 | Whispers | ||
1986 | Locus* | ||
1986 | Fantasy Review | ||
1986 | Interzone | and David Pringle | |
1986 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1986 | Science Fiction Review | ||
1987 | Locus* | ||
1987 | Fantasy Review | ||
1987 | Interzone | and David Pringle | |
1987 | Science Fiction Review | ||
1987 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1988 | Locus* | ||
1988 | Aboriginal Science Fiction | ||
1988 | Interzone | and David Pringle | |
1988 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1988 | Thrust | ||
1989 | Locus* | ||
1989 | Interzone | ||
1989 | , Patrick Nielsen Hayden, Teresa Nielsen Hayden, Susan Palwick, and Kathryn Cramer | ||
1989 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1989 | Thrust | ||
1990 | Locus* | ||
1990 | Interzone | ||
1990 | , Patrick Nielsen Hayden, Teresa Nielsen Hayden, Susan Palwick, and Kathryn Cramer | ||
1990 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1990 | Thrust | ||
1991 | Locus* | ||
1991 | Interzone | ||
1991 | , David G. Hartwell, and Gordon Van Gelder | ||
1991 | |||
1991 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1992 | Locus* | ||
1992 | Interzone | ||
1992 | , David G. Hartwell, and Gordon Van Gelder | ||
1992 | Pulphouse: The Hardback Magazine | and Dean Wesley Smith | |
1992 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1993 | Science Fiction Chronicle* | ||
1993 | Interzone | ||
1993 | Locus | ||
1993 | , David G. Hartwell, Ariel Haméon, and Tad Dembinski | ||
1993 | Pulphouse: The Hardback Magazine | and Jonathan E. Bond | |
1994 | Science Fiction Chronicle* | ||
1994 | Interzone | ||
1994 | Locus | ||
1994 | , David G. Hartwell, Ariel Haméon, and Tad Dembinski | ||
1994 | Pulphouse: The Hardback Magazine | and Jonathan E. Bond | |
1994 | Tomorrow Speculative Fiction | ||
1995 | Interzone* | ||
1995 | Locus | ||
1995 | , David G. Hartwell, Ariel Haméon, and Tad Dembinski | ||
1995 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1995 | Tomorrow Speculative Fiction | ||
1996 | Locus* | ||
1996 | Crank! | ||
1996 | Interzone | ||
1996 | , David G. Hartwell, Ariel Haméon, and Tad Dembinski | ||
1996 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1997 | Locus* | ||
1997 | Interzone | ||
1997 | , Tad Dembinski, Ariel Haméon, David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
1997 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1997 | Speculations | ||
1998 | Locus* | ||
1998 | Interzone | ||
1998 | , Ariel Haméon, David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
1998 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1998 | Speculations | ||
1999 | Locus* | ||
1999 | Interzone | ||
1999 | , Ariel Haméon, David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
1999 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
1999 | Speculations | ||
2000 | Locus* | ||
2000 | Interzone | ||
2000 | , Ariel Haméon, David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2000 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
2000 | Speculations | ||
2001 | Locus* | ||
2001 | Interzone | ||
2001 | , Ariel Haméon, David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2001 | Science Fiction Chronicle | ||
2001 | Speculations | and Susan Fry | |
2002 | Locus* | ||
2002 | Absolute Magnitude | ||
2002 | Interzone | ||
2002 | , David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2002 | Speculations | and Kent Brewster | |
2003 | Locus* | , Jennifer A. Hall, and Kirsten Gong-Wong | |
2003 | Ansible | ||
2003 | Interzone | ||
2003 | , David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2003 | Speculations | ||
2004 | Locus* | , Jennifer A. Hall, and Kirsten Gong-Wong | |
2004 | Ansible | ||
2004 | Interzone | ||
2004 | , David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2004 | Third Alternative | ||
2005 | Ansible* | ||
2005 | Interzone | and Andy Cox | |
2005 | Locus | , Jennifer A. Hall, and Kirsten Gong-Wong | |
2005 | , David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2005 | Third Alternative | ||
2006 | Locus* | , Kirsten Gong-Wong, and Liza Groen Trombi | |
2006 | Ansible | ||
2006 | Emerald City | ||
2006 | Interzone | ||
2006 | , David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2007 | Locus* | , Kirsten Gong-Wong, and Liza Groen Trombi | |
2007 | Ansible | ||
2007 | Interzone | ||
2007 | Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet | and Gavin Grant | |
2007 | , David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2008 | Locus* | , Kirsten Gong-Wong, and Liza Groen Trombi | |
2008 | Ansible | ||
2008 | Helix SF | and Lawrence Watt-Evans | |
2008 | Interzone | ||
2008 | , Kristine Dikeman, David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2009 | Weird Tales* | and Stephen H. Segal | |
2009 | Clarkesworld Magazine | , Nick Mamatas, and Sean Wallace | |
2009 | Interzone | ||
2009 | Locus | , Kirsten Gong-Wong, and Liza Groen Trombi | |
2009 | , Kristine Dikeman, David G. Hartwell, and Kevin J. Maroney | ||
2010 | Clarkesworld Magazine* | , Sean Wallace, and Cheryl Morgan | |
2010 | Ansible | ||
2010 | Interzone | ||
2010 | Locus | , Kirsten Gong-Wong, and Liza Groen Trombi | |
2010 | Weird Tales | and Stephen H. Segal | |
2011 | Clarkesworld Magazine* | , Sean Wallace, and Cheryl Morgan; podcast directed by Kate Baker | |
2011 | Interzone | ||
2011 | Lightspeed | ||
2011 | Locus | and Kirsten Gong-Wong | |
2011 | Weird Tales | and Stephen H. Segal | |
2012 | Locus* | and Kirsten Gong-Wong | |
2012 | Apex Magazine | , Lynne M. Thomas, and Jason Sizemore | |
2012 | Interzone | ||
2012 | Lightspeed | ||
2012 | , Kevin J. Maroney, Kris Dikeman, and Avram Grumer | ||
2013 | Clarkesworld Magazine* | , Jason Heller, Sean Wallace, and Kate Baker | |
2013 | Apex Magazine | , Jason Sizemore, and Michael Damian Thomas | |
2013 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2013 | Lightspeed | and Stefan Rudnicki | |
2013 | Strange Horizons | , Jed Hartman, Lee Mandelo, An Owomoyela, Julia Rios, Abigail Nussbaum, A. J. Odasso, Sonya Taaffe, Dave Nagdeman, and Rebecca Cross | |
2014 | Lightspeed* | , Rich Horton and Stefan Rudnicki | |
2014 | Apex Magazine | , Jason Sizemore, and Michael Damian Thomas | |
2014 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2014 | Interzone | ||
2014 | Strange Horizons | , Lee Mandelo, An Owomoyela, Julia Rios, Abigail Nussbaum, A. J. Odasso, Sonya Taaffe, Rebecca Cross, Anaea Lay, and Shane Garvin | |
2015 | Lightspeed* | , Stefan Rudnicki, Rich Horton, Wendy N. Wagner, and Christie Yant | |
2015 | Abyss & Apex Magazine | ||
2015 | Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine | and Sue Bursztynski | |
2015 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2015 | Strange Horizons | ||
2016 | Uncanny Magazine* | , Michael Damian Thomas, Michi Trota, Erika Ensign, Steven Schapansky | |
2016 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2016 | Daily Science Fiction | and Jonathan Laden | |
2016 | Sci Phi Journal | ||
2016 | Strange Horizons | , Julia Rios, A. J. Odasso, Vanessa Rose Phin, and Maureen Kincaid Speller | |
2017 | Uncanny Magazine* | , Michael Damian Thomas, Michi Trota, Julia Rios, Erika Ensign, and Steven Schapansky | |
2017 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2017 | Cirsova Heroic Fantasy and Science Fiction Magazine | ||
2017 | GigaNotoSaurus | ||
2017 | Strange Horizons | , Catherine Krahe, Vajra Chandrasekera, Vanessa Rose Phin, Li Chua, Aishwarya Subramanian, Tim Moore, and Anaea Lay | |
2017 | and Thea James | ||
2018 | Uncanny Magazine* | , Michael Damian Thomas, Michi Trota, Julia Rios, Erika Ensign, and Steven Schapansky | |
2018 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2018 | and Thea James | ||
2018 | Escape Pod | , S.B. Divya, Norm Sherman, and Benjamin C. Kinney | |
2018 | Fireside Magazine | , Julia Rios, Elsa Sjunneson-Henry, Mikki Kendall, and Pablo Defendini | |
2018 | Strange Horizons | , Gautam Bhatia, A.J. Odasso, Lila Garrott, Heather McDougal, Ciro Faienza, Tahlia Day, and Vanessa Rose Phin | |
2019 | Uncanny Magazine* | , Michael Damian Thomas, Michi Trota, Erika Ensign, Steven Schapansky, Elsa Sjunneson-Henry, and Dominik Parisien | |
2019 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2019 | Fireside Magazine | , Elsa Sjunneson-Henry, Chelle Parker, Meg Frank, Tanya DePass, Brian White, and Pablo Defendini | |
2019 | FIYAH Magazine of Black Speculative Fiction | , DaVaun Sanders, L. D. Lewis, Brandon O'Brien, Kaleb Russell, Danny Lore, and Brent Lambert | |
2019 | Shimmer Magazine | and E. Catherine Tobler | |
2019 | Strange Horizons | , Kate Dollarhyde, Vanessa Rose Phin, Vajra Chandrasekera, Romie Stott, Maureen Kincaid Speller | |
2020 | Beneath Ceaseless Skies | ||
2020 | Escape Pod | , S.B. Divya, Benjamin C. Kinney, Adam Pracht, Summer Brooks, Tina Connolly, Alasdair Stuart | |
2020 | Fireside Magazine | , Elsa Sjunneson, copyeditor Chelle Parker, social coordinator Meg Frank, publisher & art director Pablo Defendini, founding editor Brian White | |
2020 | FIYAH Magazine of Black Speculative Fiction | , Eboni Dunbar, Brent Lambert, L. D. Lewis, Danny Lore, Brandon O'Brien and Kaleb Russell | |
2020 | Strange Horizons | , Catherine Krahe, AJ Odasso, Dan Hartland, Joyce Chng, Dante Luiz | |
2020 | Uncanny Magazine | , Michael Damian Thomas, Michi Trota, Chimedum Ohaegbu, Erika Ensign, Steven Schapansky |